Table1_The good, the bad, and the ugly: a comprehensive study of temperament and personality traits as correlates of self-reported disruptive behavior problems in male and female adolescents.docx

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive picture of temperament and personality traits as correlates of self-reported disruptive behavior problems in male and female adolescents.MethodsTwo-hundred-and-sixty-three non-clinical adolescents aged 12–18 years completed a survey containing standardized scales to measure the HEXACO personality traits, impulsivity, effortful control, Dark Triad traits, and symptoms of oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD).ResultsThe results showed that good traits (in particular, honesty-humility, agreeableness, and the regulative trait of effortful control) were negatively associated, while bad and ugly traits (especially impulsivity and the Dark Triad traits of psychopathy and Machiavellianism) were positively associated with symptoms of ODD and CD. In addition, regression analyses indicated that both types of disruptive behavior problems were associated with a unique set of temperament and personality correlates, and that specific correlates also differed for both genders.ConclusionsIt is concluded that research on the role of temperament and personality should adopt a broad perspective, taking good, bad, and ugly traits from various theoretical models as well as gender differences into account.

本研究旨在为青少年（男性和女性）报告的破坏性行为问题提供关于气质和人格特质的全面图景。研究方法包括对263名12至18岁的非临床青少年进行问卷调查，问卷包含标准化的量表，用于测量 HEXACO 人格特质、冲动性、努力控制、黑暗三联征特质以及对抗性障碍（ODD）和品行障碍（CD）的症状。研究结果显示，良好特质（尤其是诚实谦卑、宜人性以及努力控制的调节性特质）与 ODD 和 CD 的症状呈负相关，而恶劣和丑陋特质（特别是冲动性和心理病态及马基雅维利主义等黑暗三联征特质）与 ODD 和 CD 的症状呈正相关。此外，回归分析表明，两种类型的破坏性行为问题均与独特的气质和人格相关因素相关联，且具体相关因素在男女性别间存在差异。结论认为，关于气质和人格作用的研究应采纳广阔的视角，考虑来自不同理论模型中的良好、恶劣和丑陋特质，以及性别差异。