Data underlying the publication: Building-Integrated Vertical Farms: reducing the use of energy, water, and nutrients through synergy between vertical farms and host buildings

Vertical farms (VF) use some resources highly efficient, but the electricity use is considerable and they produce a significant amount of waste heat. The paper underlying this dataset investigates how the integration of vertical farms in buildings could reduce the use of energy, water, and nutrients collectively across both entities by leveraging potential resource synergies. The integration of vertical farms is considered in apartments, offices, restaurants, swimming pools, and supermarkets located in the Netherlands. The main focus of this research was to reuse the residual heat produced by the artificial lighting systems of the vertical farm within the host building’s heating system.Therefore, the quantity of heat produced by the VF and temperatures had to be determined first. The current cooling and dehumidification system was studied. The total energy use of this system was calculated using mathematical simulations of the refrigerant cycle of the HP used, together with calculations for the used heat exchangers and mixing values. These calculations are described within the research paper, and results discussed. More detailed outcomes are presented in this dataset. The tab "VF_Ch" describes the energetic characteristics of the VF used to calculate the cooling demands. In the tab "VF_CDS" presents the calculations made to define the energy use of the cooling and dehumidification system of the VF.Within the next step different strategies are developed that can supply the residual heat produced by the VF to the heating system of the different host building types. Three strategies were selected. Two for direct integration without seasonal energy storage (A1 and B1), and one using aquifer thermal energy storage (E2). Strategy A1 used a heat exchanger to supply the heat of the VF to the building, due to the low temperature this strategy was only applicable to swimming pools. Strategy B1 used a heat pump to upgrade the residual heat temperatures of the VF to that of the underfloor heating system of the host building. Strategy E2 used two HPs and an aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system to supply the VF heat to the building, and to store heat produced by the VF outside of the building's heating season for later usage during the heating season. More information on these three strategies is found in the paper. The performance calculations of these three strategies are found in tabs "Int_A1", "Int_B1" and "Int_E2", and are described in more detail in the paper and its appendixes. Within the paper, the performances of the three integration strategies were compared to those of an non-integrated VF and host building. The VF is scaled to provide all heat to the host-building typology under study. Within the non-integrated approach the energy use of the same size of VF using the non-integrated cooling and dehumidification system as calculated in Tab "VF_CDS", and that of the non-integrated/baseline host-building are summed. The different baseline host-building typologies use an air-source HP for heating and cooling. These calculations are presented in the tabs "BS_ap", "BS_off", "BS_res" and "BS_sw", for an 80m2 apartment with an energy performance label BENG (nearly energy neutral), A and C, for large and small offices with energy labels BENG, A, and C, for a 250m2 restaurant, and for an indoor and outdoor swimming pool respectively.<br><br>

垂直农场（Vertical Farms，VF）在部分资源的利用上效率颇高，但电力消耗可观，且会产生大量废热。本数据集依托的研究论文探讨了如何通过挖掘潜在的资源协同效应，实现建筑内垂直农场与建筑本体二者在能源、水及养分使用上的整体减量。本次研究针对荷兰境内的公寓、办公楼、餐厅、游泳馆及超市场景，开展了垂直农场集成方案的相关分析。本研究的核心目标是将垂直农场人工照明系统产生的废热，回用于搭载建筑的供暖系统。因此，首先需要明确垂直农场的产热量与温度参数。研究团队对现有冷却除湿系统展开了分析：通过对所采用热泵（Heat Pump，HP）的制冷剂循环进行数学模拟，并结合换热器与混合参数的计算，得出了该系统的总能耗。相关计算过程已在研究论文中详述并讨论，本数据集则提供了更为详尽的计算结果。数据集工作表标签"VF_Ch"用于说明用于计算冷却负荷的垂直农场的热工特性；标签"VF_CDS"则呈现了用于确定垂直农场冷却除湿系统能耗的相关计算过程。后续研究团队开发了多种可将垂直农场产生的废热输送至不同类型搭载建筑供暖系统的方案，最终选定三种方案：两种为无需季节性储能的直接集成方案（A1与B1），另一种采用含水层热能储存（Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage，ATES）方案（E2）。方案A1通过换热器将垂直农场的废热输送至建筑，但由于废热温度较低，该方案仅适用于游泳馆场景；方案B1则采用热泵将垂直农场的废热升温至搭载建筑地板供暖系统所需的温度。方案E2采用两台热泵与含水层热能储存系统，将垂直农场的废热输送至建筑，同时可将非供暖季产生的废热储存起来，待供暖季再投入使用。关于这三种方案的更多细节可参阅研究论文；三种方案的性能计算结果分别收录于工作表标签"Int_A1"、"Int_B1"与"Int_E2"，相关详述可参见研究论文及其附录。研究论文中还将三种集成方案的性能，与未集成垂直农场的搭载建筑及独立运行的垂直农场的性能进行了对比。本次研究中的垂直农场规模均按为对应类型搭载建筑提供全部供暖热负荷的标准设定。在非集成方案中，总能耗为同规模垂直农场采用"VF_CDS"标签中计算的独立冷却除湿系统的能耗，与非集成/基准搭载建筑的能耗之和。不同类型的基准搭载建筑均采用空气源热泵实现供暖与制冷功能。相关计算结果分别收录于标签"BS_ap"、"BS_off"、"BS_res"与"BS_sw"，分别对应：面积80㎡、能源性能标签为BENG（近零能耗，nearly energy neutral）、A级及C级的公寓；能源标签为BENG、A级及C级的大、小型办公楼；面积250㎡的餐厅；以及室内外游泳馆。