CEH Land Cover plus: Pesticides 2012-2016 (England and Wales)

This data product maps pesticide applications across England and Wales. It is produced at a 1km resolution with units of kg active ingredient applied per year. Pesticide application rates (kg/km2/yr) are calculated for each of the crops grown in each 1km square, with the total application calculated by multiplying the estimated rates by the area of each crop in the square. The product provides application estimates for 129 different active ingredients including herbicides, insecticides, molluscicides and fungicides. Uncertainty maps are produced alongside each active ingredient map to quantify the level of confidence in the estimated applications. Uncertainty is quantified using the distribution of each parameter estimate obtained from the modelling method and is expressed relative to the total application. The product is a snapshot of average applications between 2012 and 2016. The product builds upon the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Land Cover® Plus: Crops product. An average of CEH Land Cover® Plus: Crops 2015, 2016 and 2017 is used to reflect average crop coverage at the 1km resolution. Temporal variation in pesticide application is not modelled explicitly but is reflected in the uncertainty maps.
These maps were created under the NERC funded ASSIST (Achieving Sustainable Agricultural Systems) project to enable exploration of the impacts of agrochemical usage on the environment, enabling farmers and policymakers to implement better, more sustainable agricultural practices.

本数据产品映射英格兰和威尔士地区的农药施用情况。数据以1公里分辨率生成，单位为每年每平方公里施用的有效成分千克数。每个1平方公里方格内种植的每种作物均计算了农药施用率（千克/平方公里/年），总施用量通过将估算率乘以方格内每种作物的面积来计算。该产品提供了129种不同活性成分的施用估算，包括除草剂、杀虫剂、软体动物杀灭剂和杀菌剂。对于每种活性成分的地图，同时生成不确定性地图，以量化对估算应用水平的置信度。不确定性通过建模方法获得的每个参数估算的分布来量化，并相对于总应用量进行表达。该产品是2012年至2016年间平均应用的快照。该产品基于生态与水文中心（CEH）的Land Cover® Plus: Crops产品构建。使用2015年、2016年和2017年的平均值来反映1公里分辨率的平均作物覆盖率。农药施用的时空变化未进行显式建模，但在不确定性地图中得到体现。这些地图是在NERC资助的ASSIST（实现可持续农业系统）项目中创建的，旨在探索农化产品使用对环境的影响，使农民和政策制定者能够实施更佳、更具可持续性的农业实践。