DataSheet_1_Comparison of the salt resistance of Solanum lycopersicum x Solanum chilense hybrids and their parents.docx

IntroductionSoil salinization is a major global problem. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the main crops produced in the world and is cultivated in areas affected by salinity. However, it is considered as a glycophyte species and is sensitive to salt stress. Solanum chilense is a wild tomato native to the Atacama Desert and is therefore adapted to harsh environmental conditions, including salinity. It is considered as a promising source of genes for tomato improvement. However, the physiology of abiotic stress resistance remains largely unknown in S. chilense and no studies have investigated the resistance of S. lycopersicum x S. chilense interspecific hybrids and the potential value of their use in harsh environments.MethodsIn this study, we compared the salt (0 vs. 100 mM NaCl) resistance of S. lycopersicum, S. chilense and their hybrids at vegetative and reproductive stages.ResultsOverall, hybrids showed an intermediate behavior between their parents and a higher salt resistance than S. lycopersicum. Their physiological behavior toward salt stress was sometimes closed to S. lycopersicum and sometimes closed to S. chilense. Their sodium accumulation was intermediate between parents, with a sodium concentration closer to S. lycopersicum than S. chilense in roots, but with an aerial concentration closer to S. chilense than to S. lycopersicum. In inflorescences and fruits, the sodium concentration of hybrids was closer to S. lycopersicum than to S. chilense. Despite a decrease in instantaneous transpiration, the photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency of hybrids was not decreased by salt stress: our results suggest a greater tolerance to the osmotic phase of salt stress in hybrids compared to the parents. Regarding the reproductive stage, inflorescence production and fruit quality were not affected by salt in hybrids.DiscussionThis study highlights the potential use of hybrids in improving tomato for salt stress resistance.

引言土壤盐渍化是全球性的重大问题。番茄（学名：Solanum lycopersicum）是全球主要作物之一，其在受盐渍影响的地区被广泛栽培。然而，番茄被视为一种喜水植物，对盐胁迫敏感。智利番茄（学名：Solanum chilense）是一种原产于阿塔卡马沙漠的野生番茄，因此适应了严酷的环境条件，包括盐渍环境。它被认为是改良番茄的基因来源之一。然而，智利番茄对非生物胁迫的生理抗性仍知之甚少，目前尚未有研究探讨番茄（S. lycopersicum）与智利番茄（S. chilense）的种间杂交体对盐胁迫的抵抗能力及其在恶劣环境中的潜在应用价值。
方法在本研究中，我们比较了番茄（S. lycopersicum）、智利番茄（S. chilense）及其杂交种在营养生长和生殖阶段的盐胁迫（0 vs. 100 mM NaCl）抗性。
结果总体而言，杂交种在其亲本之间表现出中间行为，且比番茄（S. lycopersicum）具有更高的盐胁迫抗性。它们对盐胁迫的生理反应有时接近番茄（S. lycopersicum），有时则接近智利番茄（S. chilense）。它们的钠积累量介于亲本之间，根部钠浓度更接近番茄（S. lycopersicum），而地上部分钠浓度则更接近智利番茄（S. chilense）。在花簇和果实中，杂交种的钠浓度更接近番茄（S. lycopersicum）而非智利番茄（S. chilense）。尽管瞬时蒸腾速率有所下降，但杂交种的盐胁迫下光合氮利用效率并未降低：我们的研究结果提示，与亲本相比，杂交种对盐胁迫的渗透相具有更高的耐受性。至于生殖阶段，杂交种的花簇产量和果实品质未受盐胁迫影响。
讨论本研究突出了利用杂交种提高番茄对盐胁迫抗性的潜在应用价值。