Bridging gaps between land use and transport planning to facilitate the transition toward sustainable development

This study examines the application of the Integrated Landscape Character Assessment (ILCA) within the Strategic Choice of Measures (SCM) process in land use and transport planning through the lens of the transformative capacity framework. By applying this framework, the study identifies key elements of transformative capacity in the planning process. Notably, ILCA contributes to transformative capacity by fostering a systems perspective that strengthens the understanding of spatial interconnections, multi-functionality, and ecosystem services. This, in turn, supports planners in addressing complex sustainability challenges and enhances their ability to implement integrated and forward-looking planning strategies. Furthermore, the integration of ILCA into the SCM process contributed to transformative capacity by enabling knowledge co-production through inclusive stakeholder engagement. By involving actors from multiple governance levels, NGOs, and private sector representatives in working groups and workshops, the process fostered mutual learning, built shared understanding, and aligned diverse perspectives. This collaborative approach not only strengthened legitimacy but also supported the formulation and justification of measures aligned with sustainability goals, such as promoting cycling and walking infrastructure and implementing nature-based solutions (NBS), thereby enhancing both procedural and substantive dimensions of transformation.