The association of homoarginine with progression of kidney disease during the observation period using multiple Cox proportional hazards regression models.

The hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were determined by univariate and multiple Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and are indicated for each decrement of 1 standard deviation (SD). For proteinuria, hazard ratios are indicated for each increment of 1 SD.aThe estimates in model 1 are adjusted for age and sex, those in model 2 are adjusted for age, sex and proteinuria and those in model 3 are adjusted for age, sex, proteinuria and GFR.