Supplement 1. Raw data in comma-separated format.

File List data.csv (MD5: eac4699fe882465f09cc1d7465164e7a) Description The file data.csv contains data on extinction time of 1,080 experimental populations. Six populations were accidentally destroyed (indicated by Days = −9999). Data columns include: 1. Tube.ID – A unique identifier for each population 2. Block – Block number 3. Startno – The initial population size, either x0 = 3 or x0 = 18 4. Start – Date population was initialized 5. End – Date population was scored extinct 6. Days – Duration of population persistence (extinction time) in days, i.e., End − Start 7. Tetracycline – Indicator for tetracycline addition (0: No, 1: Yes)