Data Description "Using Technology to Prevent Fraud in High Stakes National School Examinations: Evidence from Indonesia"

Cheating reduces the signaling value of examinations. It shifts the focus of teachers and students away from learning. Combating widespread cheating is difficult as students, teachers, and bureaucrats all benefit from high reported grades. We evaluate the impact of computer-based testing (CBT), a policy taken by the Indonesian government to reduce widespread cheating in high stakes national examination. We exploiting the phased roll-out of the program from 2015 to 2019. We use administrative data from Pusmenjar. The data source is called Pamer (Pengoperasian Aplikasi Laporan Pemanfaatan Hasil Ujian Nasional) and it reports the national examination results. The dataset contains exam score means in mathematics, Indonesian, English and science, the number of students taking the exam, the standard deviations and the integrity index at the school level. We have access to mean exam scores from 2010 to 2019, standard deviations from 2010 to 2018, and the integrity index from 2015 to 2018. In addition, we know whether schools took the exams on paper or on computers. Exam score data between 2015 and 2019, but not the integrity index, can also be accessed at https://hasilun.pusmenjar.kemdikbud.go.id/. We complement this data with information on school resources in 2015 from datasets called Dapodik and Sekolah Kita.