Labour Force Survey 2007 - Sri Lanka

Abstract
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The employment/unemployment data are required at very short intervals to monitor the program made in the employment generating policies of the government. To satisfy this need, Sri Lanka Labour Force Survey was designed as a quarterly basis survey to measure the levels and trends of employment, unemployment and labour force in Sri Lanka. Thus the survey is repeated four times each year since the first quarter of 1990.

Key objectives of the survey
- To study the economically active / inactive population.
- To analyze employment by major industry group and employment status.
- To determine unemployment rates by level of education and by age group
- To study the informal sector employment.
- To determine the underemployment rates by sector and by major industries

Geographic coverage
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National coverage. [Excluding the Northern and the Eastern Provinces]

This survey covered persons living in housing units only
and, it excludes the institutional population.

Analysis unit
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Individuals from the population aged 10 years or more

Universe
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Working age population (10 years and above) living in the non-institutional households in Sri Lanka

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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2.1 Sampling plan and the sampling frame

A two stage stratified sampling procedure was adopted to select a sample of 22,500 housing units to be enumerated in the survey. The master sampling frame prepared for 2001 Census of Population and Housing was used as the sampling frame for the selection of sample for the labour force survey 2007.

2.2 Sample size

The quarterly survey was conducted since 1990 using a sample of 2,000 housing units per quarter in areas other than North and East, and the sample size was increased to 4,000 housing units per quarter in 1996 and continued thereafter. However, in 1992 and 1997, an annual sample of 20,000 housing units was selected to give reliable estimates of district level. In 2004 again 20,000
housing units were selected for the survey. However, in order to provide district level estimates precisely, it was decided to use 20,000 - 25,000 housing units as the annual sample. As such, in 2007, the annual sample of 22,500 housing units were selected.

2.3 Sample Allocation

Allocation of 2,250 Primary Sampling Units (PSU’s) for the districts and sectors were done using the Neymann Allocation procedure. In other words, the allocation of PSU’s to strata was disproportionate, designed to produce estimates of acceptable reliability for each area for which separate estimates were needed. Then The district sample was equally distributed among the 12 monthly rounds. Table 1 gives the sample distributions by district for year 2007.

Table 1: Sample allocation by district - 2007

District Housing District Housing
Units Units
Total 22,500 Mullaitivu 380
Colombo 2,150 Kilinochchi 390
Gampaha 1,920 Batticaloa 550
Kalutara 1,210 Ampara 900
Kandy 1,400 Trincomalee 390
Matale 610 Kurunegala 1,680
Nuwara Eliya 600 Puttalam 840
Galle 1,200 Anuradhapura 960
Matara 960 Polonnaruwa 500
Hambantota 840 Badulla 860
Jaffna 720 Moneragala 550
Mannar 390 Ratnapura 1,160
Vavuniya 390 Kegalle 950

2.4 Selection of Primary Sampling Units (PSU)

Primary sampling units are the census blocks prepared for the Census of Population and Housing - 2001. The sample frame, which is a collection of all census blocks in the domain, was used for the selection of primary sampling units. A sample of 2,250 primary sampling units was selected from the sampling frame for the 2007 labour force survey.

2.5 Selection of Secondary Sampling Units (SSU)

Secondary Sampling Units are the housing units in the selected 2,250 primary sampling units (census blocks). From each primary sampling unit 10 housing units (SSU) were selected for the survey.

Sampling deviation
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In 2007, even though it was planned to conduct the labour force survey in Northern and Eastern provinces, the survey could not be conducted properly in those provinces due to the prevailing conditions. In 2007 Batticaloa, Ampara & Jaffna district started data collections as per the scheduled time table but due to the special enumeration carried out in those areas, the survey was disturbed. Again in 4th quarter the survey was conducted in Batticaloa, Ampara & Trincomalee districts. Further the schedules from those areas were not recieved on time and full sample
was not covered. Therefore completed number of questionnaire is not sufficient to provide reliable estimates for Northern & Eastern provinces so the national level estimates based on the data collected in year 2007 does not cover the Northern and Eastern provinces. Therefore, this report is based on a annual sample of 18,390 housing units, excluding Northern and Eastern provinces providing national, provincial and district level estimates with a stipulated standard errors of labour force characteristics as reported in the relevant reference periods of each 12 months of the year 2007.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Survey Schedule

Current survey concepts and methods are very similar to those introduced at the beginning of the survey in 1990. However, some changes have been made over the years to improve the accuracy and usefulness of the data.

Beginning in January 2006, some significant improvements(1) were made to the labour force survey schedule in order to fulfill the requirements of it’s users and also to provide additional information for the planning purposes. This was done after carefully reviewing of the LFS schedule with the technical assistance provided by the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) Adviser. The revision was made focusing on literacy, household economic activities, informal sector employment and underemployment etc.

This revised version was introduced for the survey conducted in 2006 first quarter, and it will be used in future as well.

Sampling error estimates
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The estimation procedure is given in the section 2.6 in the Annual Report.

The Annual Report is attched in the External Resources Section.

Data appraisal
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The adjustments for non-response is given in the section 2.7 in the Annual Report.

The Annual Report is attched in the External Resources Section.

摘要
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政府就业创造政策的实施效果需以极短的时间间隔进行监控，为此，斯里兰卡劳动力调查被设计为基于季度的调查，旨在衡量斯里兰卡就业、失业和劳动力水平及趋势。因此，自1990年第一季度起，该调查每年重复四次。

调查的主要目标
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- 研究经济活跃/不活跃人口。
- 分析按主要行业分组和就业状态的就业情况。
- 确定按教育水平和年龄组的失业率。
- 研究非正式部门就业。
- 确定按部门和主要行业的就业不足率。

地理覆盖范围
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全国范围。[不包括北部和东部省份]
本调查仅涵盖居住在住宅单位中的人员，并排除机构人口。

分析单元
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10岁及以上的总人口个体

总体
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居住在斯里兰卡非机构家庭中的工作年龄人口（10岁及以上）

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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2.1 抽样计划和抽样框架
采用两阶段分层抽样程序，选取22,500个住宅单位作为调查的样本。用于2001年人口和住房普查的主抽样框架被用作劳动力调查2007年样本选择的抽样框架。

2.2 样本量
自1990年以来，季度调查一直在进行，在其他地区每季度使用2,000个住宅单位的样本，1996年样本量增加到每季度4,000个住宅单位，并持续至今。然而，在1992年和1997年，为了提供可靠的地级估计，选择了20,000个住宅单位的年度样本。2004年再次选择了20,000个住宅单位进行调查。然而，为了精确地提供地级估计，决定使用20,000-25,000个住宅单位作为年度样本。因此，在2007年，选择了22,500个住宅单位的年度样本。

2.3 样本分配
使用Neymann分配程序对地区和部门进行了2,250个主要抽样单位（PSU）的分配。换句话说，PSU的分配在层内是不成比例的，旨在为需要单独估计的每个地区产生可接受的可靠性估计。然后，地区样本在12个月中均匀分布。表1给出了2007年按地区的样本分布。

表1：按地区分配的样本 - 2007年

地区 住宅单位

总计 22,500

科伦坡 2,150

岗帕哈 1,920

卡卢塔拉 1,210

康提 1,400

马塔莱 610

努沃拉埃利耶 600

加勒 1,200

马塔拉 960

汉班托塔 840

贾夫纳 720

曼纳尔 390

瓦武尼亚 390

库鲁内加勒 1,680

普特拉姆 840

阿努拉德普勒 960

波隆纳鲁瓦 500

巴杜拉 860

莫纳雷加勒 550

拉特纳普ura 1,160

2.4 主要抽样单位（PSU）的选择
主要抽样单位是为2001年人口和住房普查准备的普查区块。用于选择主要抽样单位的样本框架是一个包含该领域内所有普查区块的集合。从样本框架中选择了2,250个主要抽样单位用于2007年劳动力调查。

2.5 次级抽样单位（SSU）的选择
次级抽样单位是所选2,250个主要抽样单位（普查区块）中的住宅单位。从每个主要抽样单位中选择了10个住宅单位（SSU）进行调查。

抽样偏差
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2007年，尽管计划在北部和东部省份进行劳动力调查，但由于当时的环境条件，这些省份的调查无法顺利进行。2007年，巴提卡尔奥、阿帕拉和贾夫纳地区按照预定的时间表开始了数据收集，但由于这些地区的特殊普查，调查受到了干扰。再次在第四季度，在巴提卡尔奥、阿帕拉和特拉姆科利地区进行了调查。进一步地，这些地区的日程表没有按时收到，并且没有覆盖完整的样本。因此，完成的问卷数量不足以提供北部和东部省份的可靠估计，因此基于2007年收集的数据的国家级估计不包括北部和东部省份。因此，本报告基于不包括北部和东部省份的年度样本18,390个住宅单位，提供国家、省和地区级估计，并报告了2007年相关参考期间的劳动力特征的标准误差。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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调查日程表
当前调查的概念和方法与1990年调查开始时引入的非常相似。然而，多年来已经进行了一些变化，以提高数据的准确性和有用性。
从2006年1月开始，为了满足用户的需求并为进一步规划提供额外的信息，对劳动力调查日程表进行了一些重大改进（1）。这是在仔细审查了亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会（ESCAP）顾问提供的技术援助下的LFS日程表后进行的。修订的重点是识字、家庭经济活动、非正式部门就业和就业不足等。

修订版首次在2006年第一季度进行的调查中引入，并将继续在未来使用。

抽样误差估计
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估计程序在年度报告的第2.6节中给出。
年度报告附在外部资源部分。

数据评估
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非响应调整在年度报告的第2.7节中给出。
年度报告附在外部资源部分。