WUI VOC concentrations from gas samples

Active and blank TD tube samples were analyzed using a standardized and validated procedure. Each tube was thermally desorbed using an automated TD system (UltraA/Unity2, Markes International, Llantrisant, UK), and the released VOCs were subsequently separated and analyzed using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system (Agilent 7890 A/5975 C; Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) operated in the scan mode for 84 target compounds.