Evaluating the accuracy in volume calculation in a pile of waste using UAV, GNSS and LiDAR

Among the various technologies used for calculate the volume of materials in mining, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and the Light Detecting And Ranging (LiDAR), appear as fast and accurate alternatives compared to traditional surveying techniques such as total station and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Using these new technologies, the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy in volume calculation, performed by Digital Terrain Models (DTM), generated from the UAV technologies, LiDAR and GNSS in a pile of waste extraction laminated limestone (reject material), exploited for the manufacture of tiles in nature, marketed under the name of "Cariri Stone" in the city of Santana do Cariri, state of Ceará. The assessment of accuracy was based on hypothesis testing method, from the trend and precision of analysis, and the results classified according to the Cartographic Accuracy of Digital Cartographic Standard Products (PEC-PCD). As a result, the model generated from the UAV presented the best accuracy in the waste cell volume calculation, object of this study, followed by modeling obtained by GNSS surveys and LiDAR.