16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of feces of C57BL/6J female mice on fed a ketogenic diet

This study aims to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of gut microbiota in hepatic ketogenesis and lipid synthesis during ketogenic diet (KD)-induced hyperketonemia. First, we analyzed dynamic differences in ketogenesis during two weeks of KD consumption and their association with bile acid metabolism using antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion. Second, we investigated the relationship between gut microbiota composition and ketogenic capacity by transplanting fecal microbiota from donors with varying blood BHB level. Finally, we identified key gut commensal bacteria based on different treatments during KD consumption and explored the regulatory pathways of these microbes in maintain hepatic metabolic homeostasis. These study findings could provide new insights into the adverse effects of the KD on the metabolic health.