The first decadal-scale ground-based microwave radiometer dataset in China: Brightness temperature and thermodynamic profiles from Xianghe (2013–2022)

This dataset consists of continuous ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) observations and corresponding retrieved atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles collected at the Xianghe site from 2013 to 2022. The quality-controlled and weather-classified brightness temperature dataset has a temporal resolution of 1 minute, covering all 14 radiometric channels of the MWR. Each record includes quality control flags and weather classification identifiers to ensure data reliability and facilitate condition-dependent analyses.Based on the validated retrieval models developed in this study, the atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles were derived from the brightness temperature observations. To improve computational efficiency and meet operational application requirements, the retrievals were performed on 10-minute averaged brightness temperature data, resulting in a 10-minute interval profile dataset. The retrieved profiles extend from the surface up to 10 km, providing long-term, high-quality atmospheric structure information suitable for climatological analysis, model validation, and algorithm development.