MIPkit-W (MISOMIP2)

Observational data kit gathered and reprocessed to facilitate the evaluation of ocean and ice-sheet simulations of the Weddell Sea sector as part of MISOMIP2.

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This entire dataset should be cited as:

the MISOMIP2 MIPkit-W dataset (https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.8316180) that includes data collected through multiple cruises of the Polarstern Research Vessel and originally provided by the Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany, and glaciological data from the MeaSUREs, MeaSUREs ITS_LIVE projects.

For more specific use of some of the MIPkit-W data, we encourage people to cite the original data referenced below.

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IceSurfVel_MIPkitW_2000-2019 : annual maps of ice surface velocity

Surface-parallel velocity vectors (in m/year) between 2000 and 2019 are provided on the common MISOMIP2 grid with regular grid spacing of 1 km. Data were calculated as a weighted average of all available Earth observation data from the MeaSUREs project (Rignot et al. 2014 and Mouginot et al. 2017) and MeaSUREs ITS_LIVE project (Gardner et al. 2022), with weights corresponding to the inverse square error of the original datasets. Propagated errors and a mask indicating the original data sources for each grid point are also included.

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IceSurfElChange_MIPkitW_1992-2019 : annual maps of surface elevation change

Surface elevation changes (in m) between 1992 and 2019, relative to 16-Dec-2013, are provided on the common MISOMIP2 grid with regular grid spacing of 1 km. Data were calculated as a weighted average of available Earth observation data from MeaSUREs ITS_LIVE (Nilsson et al. 2023) for the grounded ice and MeaSUREs ITS_LIVE data (Paolo et al. 2023) for floating ice. Propagated errors and a mask indicating the original data sources for each grid point are also included.

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Oce3d_MIPkitW_* : 3-dimensional temperature and salinity (horizontal slices every 100m)

The hydrographic properties provided on horizontal sections at 15 depths come from the CTD measurements obtained from late December to early March during the Alfred Wegener Institute Polarstern cruises ANT-XII/3 (Schroeder, 2010), PS82 (Schroeder, 2014), PS96 (Schroeder, 2016) and PS111 (Janout, 2019), which cover years 1995, 2014, 2016 and 2018, respectively.

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OceSec_MIPkitW_* : vertical sections

The first vertical section (OceSec1) goes from the tip of the Antartic Peninsula to Kapp Norvegia (12.33°E). It is known as WOCE-SR04 and has been monitored since 1989. The data provided were collected during Polarstern cruises in Sep.-Oct. 1989, Nov.-Dec. 1990, Dec. 1992-Jan. 1993, Mar.-May 1996, Apr.-May 1998 (Fahrbach and Rohardt, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1996, 1998), Jan.-Apr. 2005 (Rohardt 2010), Feb.-Apr. 2008 (Fahrbach and Rohardt, 2008), Dec. 2010-Jan. 2011 (Rohardt et al. 2011), Dec. 2012-Jan. 2013 (Rohardt 2013), as well as Dec. 2016-Jan. 2017 and Dec. 2018-Feb. 2019 (Rohardt and Boebel, 2017, 2020).

The second vertical section (OceSec2) is at approximately 76°S and covers the eastern side of Filchner Through. It was surveyed during some of the Polarstern cruises on 5-8 Jan. 2014 (Schroeder, 2014), 20-24 Jan. 2016 (Schroeder, 2016) and 4-23 Feb. 2018 (Janout, 2019).

The third and fourth sections were obtained along the front of Ronne (OceSec3) and Filchner (OceSec4) ice shelves, respectively. The Filchner section was measured on 1-3 Feb. 1977 by the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition with Research Vessel Polarsirkel (Foldvik et al., 1985), 7-16 Jan. 1981 (Hubold and Drescher, 1982), 25 Jan.- 4 Mar. 1995 (Schroeder, 2010), 15-17 Jan. 2014 (Schroeder, 2014), 15 Jan. 2016 (only one vertical profile; Schroeder, 2016), and 14-23 Feb. 2018 (Janout, 2019). The Ronne section was measured by some of these expeditions on 25 Jan.- 24 Feb. 1995, 14-15 Jan. 2016, and 9-14 Feb. 2018.

The files OceSec_MIPkitW_model_lon_lat.csv contain the coordinates (longitude, latitude) at which model data should be interpolated to be compared to the observational sections.

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OceMoor_MIPkitW_* : moorings

Temperature, salinity and velocity time series are provided at three moorings placed along the 76°S vertical section and referred to as OceMoor1 (AWI252, 30.47°W), OceMoor2 (AWI253, 30.99°W) and OceMoor3 (AWI254, 31.48°W), and cover the period from Jan. 2014 to Feb. 2018 (Schroeder et al., 2017a,b,c, 2019a,b,c). Temperature, salinity and velocity data were obtained at two depths for AWI252 (335 and 421 m depth for a seafloor at 447 m) and AWI253 (349 and 434 m depth for a seafloor at 456 m), while a single depth is provided for AWI254 (553 m for a seafloor at 581 m).

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The archive example_routines.zip  contains example of Matlab routines that were used to prepare the MIPkit-W ocean data, as well as GenerateData_MIPkit_Ice.m and writeNC_MIPkit_Ice.m that were used to process glaciological data.

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References

Fahrbach, E. and Rohardt, G. (1990). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-VIII/2 (WWGS) on section SR02 and SR04, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.742580

Fahrbach, E. and Rohardt, G. (1991). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-IX/2 on section SR04, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.735277

Fahrbach, E. and Rohardt, G. (1993). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-X/7 on section SR04, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.742651

Fahrbach, E. and Rohardt, G. (1996). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XIII/4 on section S04A, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.738489

Fahrbach, E. and Rohardt, G. (1998): Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XV/4 (DOVETAIL) on section SR04, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.742626

Fahrbach, E. and Rohardt, G. (2008): Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXIV/3, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.733414

Foldvik, A,, Gammelsrød,T. & Tørresen, T. 1985: Hydrographic observations from the Weddell Sea during the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition 1976/77. Polar Research, 3:2, 177-193, https://doi.org/10.3402/polar.v3i2.6951

Hubold, G. and Drescher, H. E. (1982). Die Filchner-Schelfeis-Expedition 1980/81 mit MS "Polarsirkel". Liste der Planktonfänge und Lichtstärkemessungen , Reports on Polar Research, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 4, https://epic.awi.de/id/eprint/26181/1/BerPolarforsch19824.pdf

Rohardt, G. (2010). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXII/3, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.733664

Rohardt, G. (2013). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXIX/2, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.817255

Rohardt, G. and Boebel, O. (2017). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise PS103 (ANT-XXXII/2), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.881076

Rohardt, G. and Boebel, O. (2020). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise PS117, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.910663

Rohardt, G., Fahrbach, E., and Wisotzki, A. (2011): Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XXVII/2, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.772244

Schröder, M. (2010). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise ANT-XII/3, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.742581

Schröder, M. and Wisotzki, A. (2014). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise PS82 (ANT-XXIX/9), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.833299

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2016). Physical oceanography during POLARSTERN cruise PS96 (ANT-XXXI/2 FROSN), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.859040

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2017a). Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring AWI252-1, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.875931

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2017b). Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring AWI253-1, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.875932

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2017c). Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring AWI254-1, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.875933

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2019a). Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring AWI252-2, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.903104

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2019b). Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring AWI253-2, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.903315

Schröder, M., Ryan, S., and Wisotzki, A. (2019c). Physical oceanography and current meter data from mooring AWI254-2, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.903317