2019 Update To "A Risk Assessment Of Potential Great Lakes Aquatic Invaders"

This report includes all major changes to Risk Assessments of watchlist species conducted by the GLANSIS project during calendar year 2019. All new assessments were conducted following the same methods outlined in the original NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL-169 (Fusaro et al., 2016). All re-assessments are based on new literature surveys using the original as a baseline and conducted using the same methods. All assessments were reviewed by co-authors on the GLANSIS team, and each new or substantively updated assessment was checked by select external reviewers. Results of each risk assessment are incorporated into the species profiles on the main GLANSIS site (www.glerl.noaa.gov/glansis) as well as incorporated into the new GLANSIS Risk Assessment Clearinghouse. The websites are updated more frequently and should be considered the most recent information. Out of 71 species documented in the most recently updated NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL-169b, (Lower et al., 2019), four assessments were updated in this publication, and eight new species were added. GLANSIS is constantly being updated with new and relevant literature to resolve unknown variables and adjust risk scores accordingly. Thus, changes largely reflect advances in the state of knowledge -- new publications since the last update cycle -- rather than information missed in the original assessment or changes in interpretation of the available data. In 2019, eight new species were added to the GLANSIS Watchlist: Astacus astacus, Cherax quadricarinatus, Faxonius limosus, Ludwigia grandiflora, Lysimachia punctata, Pacifasticus leniusculus, Tinca tinca, and Typha laxmannii. Four additional watchlist species assessments were updated this year, including Filinia cornuta, Filinia passa, Federicella sultana, and Rutilus rutilus. Ctenopharyngodon idella was removed from the watchlist, as the population in western Lake Erie is reproducing and thus meets the criteria for inclusion in the nonindigenous list (see NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL-161c (Lower et al., 2020) for discussion). The GLANSIS Watchlist now includes 79 species. A summary of overall risk for each species on the watchlist is included in Table 1 below, with asterisks indicating new or updated assessments. Grant no. NA17OAR4320152