Effects of Perspective on Embodiment in Virtual Reality 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate what the effects are of different auditory and visual perspectives on psychological constructs related to mindfulness in virtual reality environments. The study was carried out at Tampere University where the participants took part in virtual reality experiences. First, participants completed two questionnaires before participating in the virtual reality experiences. The first questionnaire examined the participants' awareness and attentive features in the present using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The second questionnaire investigated participants' immersion in different media using the Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire (ITQ). Then, the participants participated in three different mindfulness exercises in virtual reality environment, which each had a different audio-visual perspective. The participants completed two questionnaires after each experience. The first questionnaire to be completed after the experience was designed to measure the connection between the participants' body and mind through a series of statements, using the Embodied Mindfulness Questionnaire (EMQ). In turn, the second questionnaire was designed to explore the experience of embodiment in virtual reality environment and how participants perceive the virtual body as part of themselves using the Virtual Embodiment Questionnaire (VEQ). The background variables included age, gender and level of education.本研究旨在探究虚拟现实环境下，不同视听视角对与正念相关的心理构念的影响。本研究于坦佩雷大学开展，受试者参与了虚拟现实体验项目。首先，受试者在参与虚拟现实体验前需完成两份问卷：第一份为正念注意觉知量表（Mindful Attention Awareness Scale，MAAS），用于评估受试者当下的觉知与专注特质；第二份为沉浸倾向问卷（Immersive Tendencies Questionnaire，ITQ），用以考察受试者在不同媒介中的沉浸倾向。随后，受试者参与三项不同视听视角的虚拟现实正念练习，每项练习均采用独特的视听视角。每次体验结束后，受试者需完成两份问卷：体验后首份完成的问卷为具身正念问卷（Embodied Mindfulness Questionnaire，EMQ），通过一系列陈述语句测量受试者的心身联结程度；第二份问卷为虚拟具身问卷（Virtual Embodiment Questionnaire，VEQ），旨在探索受试者在虚拟现实环境中的具身体验，以及其将虚拟身体视为自身一部分的感知情况。本研究的背景变量包括年龄、性别与受教育程度。