Statistical power analysis of event-related potential studies: influencing factors and methods

Statistical power is one of the key indicators for assessing the robustness and replicability of research results. However, the standardization and completeness of calculating and reporting statistical power in event-related potential studies still need improvement. Researchers need to pay attention to the statistical power of the study and the impact of factors such as the number of subjects, number of trials, effect magnitude, and study design on the statistical power during the design and/or pre-registration stage of the research plan,so as to continuously optimize the research plan. Reduce the possibility of investing in low-level statistical power studies.