Data from: Draft assembly of elite inbred line PH207 provides insights into genomic and transcriptome diversity in maize

Intense artificial selection over the last 100 years has produced elite
maize (Zea mays) inbred lines that combine to produce high-yielding
hybrids. To further our understanding of how genome and transcriptome
variation contribute to the production of high-yielding hybrids, we
generated a draft genome assembly of the inbred line PH207 to complement
and compare with the existing B73 reference sequence. B73 is a founder of
the Stiff Stalk germplasm pool, while PH207 is a founder of Iodent
germplasm, both of which have contributed substantially to the production
of temperate commercial maize and are combined to make heterotic hybrids.
Comparison of these two assemblies revealed over 2,500 genes present in
only one of the two genotypes and 136 gene families that have undergone
extensive expansion or contraction. Transcriptome profiling revealed
extensive expression variation, with as many as 10,564 differentially
expressed transcripts and 7,128 transcripts expressed in only one of the
two genotypes in a single tissue. Genotype-specific genes were more likely
to have tissue/condition-specific expression and lower transcript
abundance. The availability of a high-quality genome assembly for the
elite maize inbred PH207 expands our knowledge of the breadth of natural
genome and transcriptome variation in elite maize inbred lines across
heterotic pools.