lncRNA expressions of the kidney tissues of DKD patients and controls

A total of 35 samples of renal tissues (15 DN, 10 DM, and 10 CON) were selected randomly from archived deidentified formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded DN biopsy tissue specimens. Normal control kidney tissues were obtained from kidneys that had been refused for use in transplantation due to vascular anomalies or from preimplant biopsy samples. Three random samples from each group were used for lncRNA microarrays The assay was completed with assistance from Aksomics Biotech. Co., Ltd, (Shanghai, China), using Arraystar human LncRNA Chip V3.0 to analyze various biological samples (plasma, urine, kidney tissue). Sample labeling and chip hybridization were performed according to the Agilent One-Color Microarray-Based Gene Expression Analysis protocol (Agilent Technology), and the hybrid chip was finally scanned using an Agilent DNA Microarray Scanner (part number G2505C). The raw data were analyzed following quantile standardization, using GeneSpring GX v12.1 software (Agilent Technologies). The differentially expressed LncRNAs or mRNAs between the two groups was screened based on the P-value/FDR (P< 0.05, fold of change >2.0).