Parameter estimates of linear mixed effects models for juvenile M. mercenaria, juvenile M. arenaria and juvenile A. islandica mean shell coloration.

All models include the random effect of tank. The P value shown is from lmerTest::drop1 applied to the main effects model, which produces F-tests based on Satterthwaite’s method which is equivalent to the summary t-tests using Satterthwaite’s method. To make model intercepts interpretable, average pH values were normalized to the lowest measurement (ex. the most acidic value was 0).