HEADACHE DISORDERS: CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION, MECHANISMS AND CONTEMPORARY MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

Headache disorders represent one of the most widespread neurological health problems globally and significantly contribute to disability and reduced quality of life. A large proportion of the population experiences recurrent headache episodes that interfere with daily functioning and productivity. Headaches are broadly categorized into primary and secondary forms depending on their underlying etiology. Primary headaches include migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache, whereas secondary headaches occur as a consequence of other medical conditions such as trauma, infections, or vascular abnormalities. This article provides an overview of the classification, underlying mechanisms, diagnostic procedures, and current therapeutic strategies used in the management of headache disorders. A better understanding of these aspects can assist healthcare professionals in improving patient care and minimizing the global burden associated with headache disorders.