Antisocial Drug Dependence

CADD (Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence): Funded through NIDA 011015 to study genetic influences on, and treatment of, antisocial drug dependence, studying both clinical probands and their families, and community samples of matched controls, twins, and participants in an ongoing longitudinal adoption study. A collaboration between three organizations at two campuses of the University of Colorado. Longitudinal with three waves of data collection completed. GADD (Genetics of Adolescent Antisocial Drug Dependence): Funded originally through NIDA 012845, s multisite collaboration including adolescent subjects at high-risk for antisocial drug dependence and their siblings, recruited in Denver, CO and San Diego, CA. Longitudinal with two waves of data collection completed, one in progress as of May, 2018.]]>
Cases for the Smokescreen genotyping were defined as subjects with lifetime diagnoses of opioid dependence and/or cocaine dependence at one of three waves of data collection. Dependence was defined using the Composite International Diagnostic Inventory - Substance Abuse Module, DSM-IV version, and was defined as presence of at least three of seven diagnostic criteria. Clustering of symptoms into a single year was not required.]]>
Initial recruitment of CADD subjects began in 1993 with completion of first wave of recruitment in 2002. Two follow-up waves for participating individuals were conducted at approximately five year intervals, with the third wave completed in early 2015. Probands were initially tested as adolescents at Wave 1. Initial recruitment of GADD subjects began in 1999 with completion of the first wave of recruitment in 2007. Two follow-up waves for participating individuals have been conducted at approximately five year intervals, with the third wave of testing beginning in 2015, and ongoing as of May, 2018. Probands were initially tested as adolescents at Wave 1.]]>