Long-Term Block-Level Oil Palm Productivity Dataset with Leaf Nutrient and Soil Fertility Measurements from an Indonesian Plantation

This dataset provides a longitudinal record of oil palm productivity together with supporting leaf nutrient and soil fertility measurements from a commercial plantation in Indonesia. The core dataset comprises 6,552 monthly block-level observations covering 42 plantation blocks from 2012 to 2024. Variables include fresh fruit bunch production, productivity, productive area, productive palm population, planting year, plant age, planting material, and production status. Supporting leaf laboratory data comprise 256 Leaf Sampling Unit (LSU) sampling events collected between 2015 and 2022, including N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and B measurements where available. An LSU may represent one or multiple plantation blocks; therefore, composite laboratory measurements are retained at the LSU sampling-event level and linked to the corresponding anonymous member blocks through a separate relational table. Soil laboratory measurements from 2017 and 2020 include soil texture, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable cations, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, and exchangeable aluminium. Composite soil measurements are similarly retained at the soil sampling-event level and linked to their corresponding anonymous member blocks. The plantation identity, operational division name, original block codes, original sampling identifiers, and laboratory identifiers have been anonymized. Consistent anonymous identifiers are retained across relational tables to preserve data linkage while protecting operational confidentiality. The dataset can support research on oil palm productivity dynamics, temporal variability, nutrient–productivity relationships, agronomic data integration, and the development and evaluation of data-driven plantation decision-support methods.