Data_Sheet_8_Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways Involved in Growth and Development of Mesona chinensis Benth Under Red- and Blue-Light Conditions.XLSX

Mesona chinensis Benth (MCB) is an important Chinese herbal medicine. The plant factories might be one of the ways to solve the shortage of MCB supply. In this study, the MCB seedlings were treated under the red (R) and blue (B) lights in the plant factory. Results showed that the red light promoted the growth and development of MCB in comparison with the blue light. Under the red-light condition, the biomass, plant height, and root characteristics were significantly higher than those under blue-light condition, while the soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) under the red-light treatment was significantly lower than that under the blue-light treatment. Red light also significantly promoted the content of soluble sugar and pectin of MCB compared with blue light. Transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 4,165 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected including 2,034 upregulated and 2,131 downregulated. Of these, 1,112 DEGs including 410 upregulated and 702 downregulated genes were associated with 111 pathways. Moreover, a total of 8,723 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) were identified in R vs. B, and these TFs were distributed in 56 gene families. Metabonomic results revealed that a total of 184 metabolites and 99 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) (42 upregulated and 57 downregulated) were identified in the red- and blue-light treatments. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome unveiled that a total of 24 pathways included 70 compounds (metabolites) and were associated with 28 unigenes. In particular, these pathways included starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions. The unigenes included asparagine synthetase (AS), thymidine kinase (TK), alpha, alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (TPS), phosphatase IMPL1 (IMPL1), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (D4R), and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase-like 6 (4CL6), bifunctional aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase 1 (thrA), and abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase 2 isoform X1 (ABA8). It was indicated that these pathways and genes might play important roles in the growth and development of MCB. This study laid a foundation for the future research of MCB.

Mesona chinensis Benth (MCB) 为我国重要的中药植物。植物工厂或许是解决 MCB 供应短缺的一种途径。本研究中，MCB 幼苗在植物工厂的红光（R）和蓝光（B）照射下进行处理。结果表明，与蓝光相比，红光促进了 MCB 的生长与发育。在红光照射条件下，生物量、植株高度及根系特征显著高于蓝光条件下的对应指标，而红光处理下的土壤和植物分析器发展（SPAD）值则显著低于蓝光处理。此外，红光还显著提高了 MCB 中可溶性糖和果胶的含量，相对于蓝光而言。转录组分析共检测到 4,165 个差异表达基因（DEGs），包括 2,034 个上调和 2,131 个下调基因。其中，1,112 个 DEGs（包括 410 个上调和 702 个下调基因）与 111 个通路相关。此外，在红光与蓝光处理中，共鉴定出 8,723 个差异表达转录因子（TFs），这些 TFs 分布于 56 个基因家族。代谢组学分析揭示了在红光和蓝光处理中，共鉴定出 184 种代谢物和 99 种差异表达代谢物（DEMs）（其中 42 种上调和 57 种下调）。转录组与代谢组的整合分析揭示了共 24 个通路，包括 70 种化合物（代谢物），与 28 个非重复基因（unigenes）相关。特别是，这些通路包括淀粉和蔗糖代谢、苯丙素类生物合成、半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢、糖酵解/糖异生以及戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸互变。非重复基因包括天冬酰胺合成酶（AS）、胸苷激酶（TK）、α,α-海藻糖磷酸合酶（TPS）、磷酸酶 IMPL1（IMPL1）、二氢黄酮醇 4-还原酶（D4R）和 4-香豆酸辅酶 A 连接酶样 6（4CL6）、双功能天冬氨酸激酶-同型丝氨酸脱氢酶 1（thrA）以及脱落酸 8′-羟化酶 2 型 X1（ABA8）。这些通路和基因可能在 MCB 的生长和发育中发挥重要作用。本研究为 MCB 的未来研究奠定了基础。