A Database of Building Surface Carbon Mitigation Potential from Solar Radiation Across Different Climate Zones of China

This dataset was developed based on 16 representative cities distributed across five major climate zones in China and contains multidimensional urban building morphology, climatic zoning, and building stock information for evaluating BIPV implementation potential. The dataset includes climate zone classifications (SCZ, CDZ, HCZ, MDZ, and HWZ), urban morphological descriptors, building height classifications, building density indicators, and city-scale building stock statistics. Building heights were categorized into six classes using thresholds of 12, 27, 54, 100, and 200 m to characterize the vertical heterogeneity of urban forms. The dataset captures substantial variations in urban morphology and building stock scale, ranging from low-density, low-rise suburban environments to high-density, high-rise metropolitan cores. It includes cities with fewer than 50,000 buildings, medium-sized cities containing approximately 200,000 buildings, and megacities with more than 400,000 buildings. In addition to statistical indicators, the dataset also contains spatially explicit urban morphology representations used for visualization and comparative analysis of building height and density distributions across C1–C16.