Hapmap sequence data of 1,437 short-duration maturing yellow and orange kernel maize inbred lines

Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of maize inbred lines is fundamental for effective hybrid development and strategic heterosis exploitation. The objective of this study was to refine and validate heterotic groups within a diverse collection of extra-early and early maturing tropical yellow and orange maize inbred lines. A total of 1,437 elite tropical yellow and orange maize inbred lines comprising early and extra-early maturing classes was genotyped using a panel of 3,305 DArTtag SNP markers. The results obtained provide a robust framework for parental line selection, heterotic grouping, and hybrid breeding strategies, facilitating the development of extra-early and early superior yellow and orange maize hybrids adapted to tropical environments.解析玉米自交系的遗传多样性与群体结构，是高效开展杂交育种、战略性利用杂种优势的核心基础。本研究旨在针对一批涵盖极早熟与早熟类群的热带黄粒、橙粒玉米自交系种质资源，对其中的杂种优势群进行细化与验证。研究共选取1437份兼具早熟与极早熟类群的优良热带黄粒、橙粒玉米自交系，采用包含3305个DArTtag SNP标记的分型体系完成基因型鉴定。本研究所得结果可为亲本选配、杂种优势群划分及杂交育种策略制定提供坚实的理论框架，助力适配热带环境的极早熟、早熟优良黄粒与橙粒玉米杂交品种的培育。