Intrinsic Functional Neuron-type Selectivity of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation

This folder contains the sample data used to analyses the effect of tFUS on neuron spiking rates during the tFUS sonication duration. Neural recordings are obtained with single shank extracellular electrodes (NeuroNexus, Ann Arbor, MI), recordings are sorted into individual neuron activities using Offline Sorter (Plexon, Dallas, TX). Example data in n = 10 rats have been provided, 5 different ultrasound pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) have been studied. tFUS stimulation was accompanied by two sham conditions directing tFUS at the shank of the recording electrode at different levels (SSHK 100% and SSHK 43%) in order to control for vibrations in the electrode which can lead to changes in neural activation. Recordings were obtained when tFUS is directed at S1 at full power (labeled tFUS), when ultrasound was directed at the electrode shank at full power (SSHK 100%), and when ultrasound was directed at the electrode shank at 43% power (SSHK 43%). The 43% reduction in SSHK 43% accounts for the skull insertion loss of the tFUS energy, which closely mimics the vibration the electrode experiences during tFUS stimulation (see publication methods). All recordings are obtained under 2.5-2% isoflurane anesthesia. <br>publication: Yu, K., Niu, X., Krook-Magnuson, E., &amp; He, B. (2021). Intrinsic functional neuron-type selectivity of transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation. Nature Communications, 12(1), 2519. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22743-7<br>