Table 1_Design recommendations for active games.docx

Active gaming is a form of video gaming that requires full body motion or varying degrees of physical activity to play a game. While active gaming has regained momentum, the design and specific components of active games that make them engaging are limited. This study identifies, analyzes, and categorizes specific design mechanics and features used in active games. It answers the question: Which, if any, game mechanics and features can a panel of experts in the academic, health, and game industry agree on as valuable and impactful to the construction of successful and engaging active games? Using a Delphi study, nine experts answered questions related to active gaming. They reached an agreement on 20 of the 21 inquiries regarding game design focused on motivation, social influence, and flow. Their feedback offers recommendations on the design of future active games and identifies emerging trends. This study shares their notes and translates the findings into specific recommendations for developers on the design of active games. The field of active gaming has matured; there are pockets of experts in design, research, and implementation. Active gaming has maintained continuity; however, player enthusiasm and engagement in these types of games are consistently an issue. Through better game design and newer types of active games, players’ interest will persist. These guidelines can inform developers working with newer technologies, such as mobile devices, enhanced game consoles, and virtual and augmented reality platforms, to create active games that inspire gamers to play.

活跃游戏，作为一种需全身运动或不同程度身体活动以参与游戏的形式，正逐渐恢复其势头。尽管活跃游戏的设计及其特定组件使其充满吸引力，但相关设计机制与特性的选择却相对有限。本研究旨在识别、分析和分类活跃游戏中使用的具体设计机制与特性。它回答了以下问题：一群来自学术界、健康领域和游戏产业的专家就哪些游戏机制与特性达成共识，认为其对构建成功且引人入胜的活跃游戏具有价值与影响力？通过德尔菲法（Delphi study），九位专家针对活跃游戏相关的问题进行了回答。他们在21项关于游戏设计的调查中，对其中20项与动机、社会影响和心流（flow）相关的调查达成了共识。他们的反馈提供了关于未来活跃游戏设计的建议，并识别了新兴趋势。本研究分享了他们的笔记，并将研究结果转化为针对开发者的具体设计建议。活跃游戏领域已经成熟，设计、研究和实施领域的专家群体已经形成。活跃游戏保持了连续性，然而，玩家对这些游戏类型的热情和参与度始终是一个问题。通过更优的游戏设计和新型活跃游戏，玩家的兴趣将得以持续。这些指南可以为与移动设备、增强型游戏机以及虚拟和增强现实平台等新技术合作的开发者提供参考，帮助他们创造能够激发玩家兴趣的活跃游戏。