Research progress of CD112 in diseases

CD112 (Poliovirus receptor-related 2 or Nectin 2 ), a member of the connexin family, is widely expressed in a variety of cells including neuronal cells, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. CD112 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules and multifunctional immunomodulatory factors, and consists of three major structural domains: the extracellular region, transmembrane region, and intracellular region. In this paper, we systematically summarize the molecular structure, expression regulation mechanism, physiological function and implication for autoimmunity and tumor immunity of CD112, focusing on the important research progress in this field in the past five years.