Data from: Joint evolution of differential seed dispersal and self-fertilization

Differential seed dispersal, in which selfed and outcrossed seeds possess
different dispersal propensities, represents a potentially important
individual-level association. A variety of traits can mediate differential
seed dispersal, including inflorescence and seed size variation. However,
how natural selection shapes such associations is poorly known. Here, we
developed theoretical models for the evolution of mating system and
differential seed dispersal in metapopulations, incorporating
heterogeneous pollination, dispersal cost, cost of outcrossing, and
environment-dependent inbreeding depression. We considered three models.
In the “fixed dispersal model,” only selfing rate is allowed to evolve. In
the “fixed selfing model,” in which selfing is fixed but differential seed
dispersal can evolve, we showed that natural selection favours a higher,
equal, or lower dispersal rate for selfed seeds to that for outcrossed
seeds. However, in the “joint evolution model,” in which selfing and
dispersal can evolve together, evolution necessarily leads to higher or
equal dispersal rate for selfed seeds compared to that for outcrossed.
Further comparison revealed that outcrossed seed dispersal is selected
against by the evolution of mixed mating or selfing, whereas the evolution
of selfed seed dispersal undergoes independent processes. We discuss the
adaptive significance and constraints for mating system/dispersal
association.