Association between triglyceride glucose index and depression in polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was a common gynecological endocrine disorder that affected women of childbearing age worldwide, with insulin resistance being the pathological and physiological core. More and more evidence suggested that PCOS patients have a significantly higher risk of developing depression compared to normal individuals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and depression in patients with PCOS of childbearing age.Methods: We conducted a study on women of childbearing age aged 18-45 who visited our hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 725 PCOS patients were ultimately selected. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected, and serum assays were performed. The CES-D Depression Scale was used to assess the past week's feelings and determine depression status.Results: In logistic regression models, a significant positive correlation was observed between the TyG index and depression in the unadjusted analysis [OR= 4.162(95% CI:2.898~5.977), P= 0.000]. After adjustment by Infertility, acne, hirsutism, age, BMI, education, and annual family income, there was still a significant positive correlation[OR= 3.965(95% CI:2.692~5.840), P= 0.000]. Model 3 (a fully adjusted model) had approximately a 4-fold increase in odds of depression risk per unit elevation in the TyG index [3.884 (2.501~6.031)]. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the predictive model for depression with TyG index was 0.687(95% confidence interval, 0.644~0.730), with sensitivity equal to 61.5% and specificity equal to 66.8%. After adding other predictive factors to the TyG index, the AUC improved to 0.730(95% confidence interval, 0.69~0.77), with sensitivity equal to 63.8% and specificity equal to 70.7%.Conclusions: A high TyG index was associated with a higher odds of having depression in PCOS, after adjustment for potential confounders. This indicated that the TyG index may have been an independent predictor of depression development.