<p>List of parameters, their dimensions, and the values or ranges used in figures. The epidemiological parameters correspond to a basic reproduction number of 3 (in the plausible range for <i>S. pneumoniae</i> [44]). However, the specific values are not important: the key results relating the k parameters to the effect on strain structure (Equations 5 and 8) do not depend on the epidemiological parameters. The bounds on the k parameters (0,1) arise from the assumption that co-colonisation is not as efficient as primary colonisation, in line with empirical findings (e.g., [33]).</p>

List of parameters, their dimensions, and the values or ranges used in figures. The epidemiological parameters correspond to a basic reproduction number of 3 (in the plausible range for S. pneumoniae [44]). However, the specific values are not important: the key results relating the k parameters to the effect on strain structure (Equations 5 and 8) do not depend on the epidemiological parameters. The bounds on the k parameters (0,1) arise from the assumption that co-colonisation is not as efficient as primary colonisation, in line with empirical findings (e.g., [33]).