A comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of FOS in the progression of endometrialcyst of ovary to endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer

Background: Endometrialcyst of ovary (EMC) may develop into endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer over time (EAOC). EAOC pathogenesis is unknown. This study investigated the likely mechanism of EAOC publishing related with orthotopic endometrial, searched for a feasible biomarker using RNA sequencing, and examined the molecular function of this biomarker in ectopic endometrial cells from EAOC and EMC patients. Methods: RNA sequencing was performed on 5 EAOC and 4 EMC tissue samples. Differential expression analysis employed RNA-seq data. To identify biomarkers, differential genes were used in PPI network design, GO pathway enrichment, and GSEA pathway enrichment. Immunohistochemical staining revealed FOS expression in various endometrium. Lv-FOS was utilized to up-regulate FOS in hEnSCs, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation assay, and scratch assay were performed to assess cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Western blot showed protein expression alterations. Results: 249 genes were differently expressed, including FOS. Pathway enrichment study demonstrated that MAPK, AP-1, ERK, and other signaling pathways were involved in EMC-to-EAOC conversion. FOS upregulation in hEnSCs increased cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Western blot results showed that FOS, CDK4, cyclinD1, P21, and invasion-related proteins p-stat3, MMP2, and MMP9 were up- or down-regulated, respectively. Conclusion: Mitosis and cell cycle affect EMC to EAOC progression. FOS expression, a novel biomarker, promotes EMC transition into EAOC and endometrial cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Keywords: FOS, endometrialcyst of ovary, endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, biomarker Overall design: The aim of this study was to elucidated the potential eutopic endometrium-related pathogenesis of EAOC, and to find a feasible biomarker of EAOC in eutopic endometrium using RNA sequencing. Subsequently, the protein expression of the biomarker was testified by Immunohistochemistry in eutopic endometrium tissue.Finally, the molecular function of the biomarker was explored by eutopic endometrial cells from EAOC and EM patients, respectively.