HU-EnviroGrids: A gridded environmental dataset of Hungary

HU-EnviroGrids is a national initiative that provides a spatially exhaustive, gridded environmental dataset covering the entire territory of Hungary at a 100×100 m resolution. The dataset integrates quantitative and qualitative information from multiple environmental areas in a harmonized framework. HU-EnviroGrids incorporates a total of 147 environmental variables related to 5 domains including topography, hydrology, climate, biosphere & land surface, and pedosphere. This diverse set of data is intended to support a wide range of applications, from fundamental and applied research in ecology, hydrology, climatology, agriculture, forestry, and Earth system sciences, to practical decision-making and policy formulation. For more details / to cite this dataset please use: Takács, K., Mészáros, J., Pásztor, L., Laborczi, A., Bakacsi, Zs., Szabó, B., Takáts, T., Szatmári, G. (2025). HU-EnviroGrids: A gridded environmental dataset for spatial analysis and modelling at country scale in Hungary. Scientific Data (submitted manuscript) Description of the files: The environmental variables are shared as GeoTIFFs, including both single and multiband files. The coordinate reference system is the Hungarian Unified National Projection System (HD72/EOV, EPSG:23700; https://epsg.io/23700). Additional details on the released environmental variables are presented in the table below. Environmental domain Environmental variable Unit File name Notes Topography Altitude m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_altitude.tif Aspect (classified) - HU_EnviroGrids_v1_aspect_class.tif For class definitions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_aspect_class_definitions.csv Aspect (non-classified) radian HU_EnviroGrids_v1_aspect_radian.tif Diurnal anisotropic heating unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_diurnal_anisotropic_heat.tif General curvature m-1 HU_EnviroGrids_v1_general_curvature.tif Mid-Slope Position Index unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_midslope_position.tif Multi-Resolution Ridge-Top Flatness unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_MRRTF.tif Multi-Resolution Valley Bottom Flatness unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_MRVBF.tif Multi-Scale Topographic Position Index m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_multiscale_TPI.tif Profile curvature m-1 HU_EnviroGrids_v1_profile_curvature.tif Real surface area m2 HU_EnviroGrids_v1_real_surface_area.tif Relief intensity m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_relief_intensity.tif Slope (degree) degree HU_EnviroGrids_v1_slope_degree.tif Standardized height m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_standardized_height.tif Surface roughness m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_surface_roughness.tif Terrain Ruggeddness Index m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_terrain_ruggedness_index.tif Topographic Position Index m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_total_curvature.tif Total Curvature m-1 HU_EnviroGrids_v1_TPI.tif Valley depth m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_valley_depth.tif Hydrology Channel network base level m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_channel_network_base_level.tif Ground water table depth m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_groundwater_table_depth.tif Horizontal distance to channel network m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_horizontal_distance_to_channel_network.tif LS factor (Moore's algorithm) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_LS_factor.tif Mass Balance Index unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_mass_balance_index.tif SAGA Wetness Index unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_SAGA_wetness_index.tif Stream Power Index unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_stream_power_index.tif Topographic Wetness Index unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_TWI.tif Vertical distance to channel network m HU_EnviroGrids_v1_vertical_distance_to_channel_network.tif Climate Long-term mean annual (global) radiation (1991–2020) W/m2 HU_EnviroGrids_v1_global_radiation_mean_annual_1991_2020.tif Long-term mean seasonal (global) radiation (4 bands) (1991–2020) W/m2 HU_EnviroGrids_v1_global_radiation_mean_seasonal_1991_2020.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_climate_seasonal_variables_band_descriptions.csv Long-term mean annual evapotranspiration (1991–2020) mm HU_EnviroGrids_v1_potential_ET_mean_annual_1991_2020.tif Long-term mean seasonal evapotranspiration (4 bands) (1991–2020) mm HU_EnviroGrids_v1_potential_ET_mean_seasonal_1991_2020.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_climate_seasonal_variables_band_descriptions.csv Long-term mean annual precipitation (1991–2020) mm HU_EnviroGrids_v1_precipitation_mean_annual_1991_2020.tif Long-term mean seasonal precipitation (4 bands) (1991–2020) mm HU_EnviroGrids_v1_precipitation_mean_seasonal_1991_2020.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_climate_seasonal_variables_band_descriptions.csv Long-term mean annual temperature (1991–2020) °C HU_EnviroGrids_v1_temperature_mean_annual_1991_2020.tif Long-term mean seasonal temperature (4 bands) (1991–2020) °C HU_EnviroGrids_v1_temperature_mean_seasonal_1991_2020.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_climate_seasonal_variables_band_descriptions.csv Biosphere & land surface Long-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (1991–2020) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_1991_2020.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (1991–1995) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_1991_1995.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (1996–2000) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_1996_2000.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (2001–2005) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_2001_2005.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (2006–2010) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_2006_2010.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (2011–2015) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_2011_2015.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (2016–2020) unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_2016_2020.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv Short-term bare soil composite (12 bands) (2021–2025)* unitless HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_2021_2025.tif For band descriptions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_Landsat_bare_soil_composite_band_descriptions.csv;*Note that the data acquisition for 2021–2025 was completed on 31 October 2025. Pedosphere Genetic soil type - HU_EnviroGrids_v1_soil_type.tif For class definitions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_soil_type_class_definitions.csv Parent material - HU_EnviroGrids_v1_parent_material.tif For class definitions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_parent_material_class_definitions.csv Topsoil texture USDA (0–15 cm) - HU_EnviroGrids_v1_soil_texture_0_15cm.tif For class definitions see HU_EnviroGrids_v1_soil_texture_class_definitions.csv