Data of Printed photonic crystal biochips for rapid and sensitive detection of biomarkers in various body fluids

There is an urgent requirement to improve accessibility to diagnostic tools in remote areas. This requires assays that are easy to use, cost effective, and produce rapid results. It is important in the field of modern medicine and public health, such as early disease diagnosis, real-time monitoring, epidemic control, medical cost control and other aspects. In this protocol, an all-printed photonic crystal (PC) biochip is developed for point-of-care testing of biomarkers. We detail the fabrication of photonic crystal biochips self-assembled from latex nanospheres based on fluorescence signal analysis to achieve large-scale printing, biofunctionalization and biomarker detection. The PC biochip allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers. We demonstrate this by detailing an example procedure to prepare a chip that can be used to detect three inflammatory biomarkers in 10 minutes at low sample volumes at a cost of less than 3 CNY (~0.41 USD) per PC co-detection biochip. The PC biochip can be applied to the detection of a majority of biomarkers and used for diagnosis in clinical samples as a universal detection platform. The PC microarrays allow for mass-printed preparation, which can be printed at up to 2700 pieces per hour by one printer, and can be stored for a long time (>6 months) after heating. The biofunctionalization process including capture antibody coupling and blocking takes 3-4 hours and the detection process takes 20 minutes.