TRNT1 polymerizes CCA at the 3' end of pre-tRNA
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TRNT1 (CCA-adding enzyme) polymerizes the non-templated nucleotides CCA onto the 3' end (acceptor arm) of tRNAs (Reichert et al. 2001, Lizano et al. 2007, Lizano et al. 2008). In contrast to some eubacterial tRNA genes, eukaryotic tRNA genes do not encode CCA at the 3' end. The added CCA sequence is determined by the structural properties of the TRNT1 protein itself rather than by any nucleic acid template (Augustin et al. 2003, Ernst et al. 2015, Kuhn et al. 2015, see also the structure of the bacterial enzyme in Li et al. 2002). After polymerization of a single CCA motif, conformational change of the enzyme ejects the tRNA before additional nucleotides can be polymerized (Kuhn et al. 2015). Aberrant RNA with two CCA motifs is targeted for destruction.
TRNT1(CCA添加酶)将非模板核苷酸CCA聚合于tRNA的3'末端(受体臂)上(参见Reichert等,2001年,Lizano等,2007年,Lizano等,2008年)。与某些真细菌的tRNA基因不同,真核生物的tRNA基因在3'末端不编码CCA。添加的CCA序列由TRNT1蛋白自身的结构特性决定,而非任何核酸模板(参见Augustin等,2003年,Ernst等,2015年,Kuhn等,2015年,亦可见Li等,2002年报道的细菌酶结构)。在单个CCA基序聚合后,酶的构象变化会排出tRNA,从而防止额外核苷酸的聚合(参见Kuhn等,2015年)。带有两个CCA基序的异常RNA将被靶向降解。
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