Supporting data for: Statistical Analysis and Research on the Characteristics of Refined Oil Depot Accidents in China (1954-2023)

This dataset contains the underlying data for the manuscript entitled “Statistical Analysis and Research on the Characteristics of Refined Oil Depot Accidents in China”. The data were compiled from publicly available sources, including accident investigation reports, books, and online databases, covering 470 refined oil depot accidents recorded in China between 1954 and 2023.The primary data file (primary_accident_data.csv) provides a fine-grained, structured record for all 470 accidents. It is formatted in a "long" structure, where each row represents a single "Accident-Specific Cause" pair. This design allows a comprehensive capture of all contributing factors for each event. The file contains coded information on accident year, type, scale, casualties, involved unit, operation status, and root causes .A second core data file (co_occurrence_matrix.csv) contains the directed, weighted adjacency matrix used specifically for the network analysis (UCINET) presented in the manuscript. This matrix quantifies the causal relationships between factors identified in the 31 oil spill-initiated fire and explosion accidents, serving as the direct input for calculating node centrality and identifying critical accident paths.This dataset supports the full reproducibility of the findings, from descriptive statistics to network-based path analysis, and facilitates further research on safety management and accident prevention in hazardous chemical storage facilities.