Values are means ± standard errors.Statistically different values by Tukey-Kramer HSD are represented by different letters in superscript (a vs. b, pN.S., Not significant by one-way ANOVA (p>0.05).*,
Background: Piperine is the primary pungent alkaloid isolated from the fruit of black peppercorns. Piperine is used frequently in dietary supplements and traditional medicines. The objective of the pr
Cryptorchidism, affecting 1%-9% of male neonates, represents one of the most prevalent congenital genitourinary anomalies. Studies highlighted Leydig cell derived insulin-like 3 (Insl3) as pivotal in
Introduction: The central regulation of fertility is carefully coordinated with energy homeostasis, and infertility is frequently the outcome of energy imbalance. Neurons in the hypothal
Mitochondrial fusion promotor, M1, was used to study the impact of mitochondria dynamics in the female reproductive system. The M1 treatment in mice can lead to acute and reversible disruption of estr
