Bacteriology

Salmonella enterica has been recognized as a major and important foodborne pathogen for humans and animals for more than a century. The pathogenicity of each Salmonella strain is determined by a set of genes associated with the bacterial ability to colonize mucosa of the intestinal tract, invade host cells, replicate within these cells, and to survive by destroying the phagocytic components. For these reasons, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella strains and to demonstrate knowledge the differences between VITEK compact system and disc diffusion method. A comparative study was performed to Evaluate the Resistance Pattern Among ten isolates of Salmonella were included in this study, S. Infantis and S. Kentucky isolates were obtained from clinical cases from a previous study (Saif et al, 2022). This study was also conducted to highlight the current antibiotic-resistant profile of 10 Salmonella strains in order to screen the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in the Salmonella by two methods VITEK compact system and disc diffusion method, these strains were subjected to certain bacterial activation process on the special and distinctive culture media of Salmonella such as Nutrient broth and Salmonella Shigella agar, then followed by propagation biochemical tests for the identification and confirmation of Salmonella. After the activation process the isolates were tested by using a disc antibiotic susceptibility test, afterward sent the isolates to the Clinical Laboratory at Imam Al-Hujjah Hospital for tested by VITEK compact system. Furthermore, the outcome revealed that there were significant differences between the results of VITEK compact system and disc diffusion method. The antibiotic susceptibility test, the results of both methods revealed that the resistance percentage against the tested antibiotics was as follow: 4(40%) Ceftriaxone, 8 (80%) Tetracycline, 8 (80%) Ciprofloxacin, 0 (0%) Chloramphenicol, and 0 (0%) sulfamethoxazole\Trimethoprim among the disc diffusion method, while the resistance percentage among the VITEK compact system were, showed that the antimicrobial profile for Salmonella isolates are highly resistance to all tested antimicrobial agents except Ceftriaxone. The multiple antibiotic resistance indices, there was a high percentage of Salmonella isolates 9 (90%) that had MAR index of 0.2 and above. In the current study, the MAR index values ranged from 0.2 to 1. Our result found that the mean and standard deviation of MAR index samples were (0.3 ±0.16).