Associations of myeloid cells with cellular and humoral responses following vaccinations in patients with neuroimmunological diseases

Characterize changes in both the innate and adaptive arm of the immune system after DMTs in MS and NMOSD patients, compared with untreated patients, and also investigate the association between changes in myeloid cell phenotypes and longitudinal responsiveness to homologous primary, secondary and tertiary SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates the potential impact of lymphocyte-targeted DMTs, such as aCD20 antibodies, on the innate immune system. These effects can either support or inhibit B cell and T cell reactivity, thereby influencing the response to (novel) antigens. Importantly, these effects are also modulated by the underlying disease.