Household Waste: A Bibliographic Coupling and Co-word Analysis (2005-2025)

Household waste is all types of waste generated from daily activities in households, including food waste, plastic packaging, paper, textiles, as well as electronic waste and household hazardous materials. Along with increasing urbanization, consumption patterns, and population growth, the volume of household waste continues to increase and becomes a serious challenge for the environment and public health. The urgency of household waste management lies in its potential impact on soil, water, and air pollution, as well as its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions if not managed properly. In addition, inefficient handling of household waste can cause social problems such as poor sanitation, the spread of disease, and degradation of the quality of life. This bibliometric review aims to map the structure of permaculture research from 2001-2025, highlighting the current research trends and future directions in this fields. The review uses bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis on 3157 documents retrieved from the Scopus database.