Candidate Catalogues and Multi-Exposure Cutouts for Flares and Moving Objects from Historical Chinese Astronomical Plates

This dataset supports the manuscript “Novel Discoveries of Flares and Moving Objects from Historical Multi-Exposure Plates From Chinese Observatories using Machine Learning.” The release contains data products derived from 2,083 successfully processed historical multi-exposure photographic plates. It includes a catalogue of 4,403 flare-candidate measurements with inspection-priority grades, a catalogue of 2,308 moving-object candidates, associated astrometric, photometric, morphological, and catalogue cross-match measurements, and the available multi-exposure image cutouts. Approximate event and baseline magnitudes are provided where the required photometric calibration and catalogue data are available. The catalogue entries are candidates rather than confirmed flares or newly discovered Solar System objects. The A–C grades indicate inspection priority, not calibrated event probabilities. MPC proximity matches are provided as reference flags rather than used to exclude candidates because exact observing dates are unavailable. Residual plate defects, known Solar System objects, and artificial-satellite contamination may remain. Column definitions, units, selection criteria, and missing-value conventions are provided in the accompanying README. To avoid repeated upload failures, the HDF5 image cutouts are deposited separately as supplementary data at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23873618. They correspond to the candidate identifiers in the catalogues provided here. The candidate catalogues and processing code remain available in this record.