Territorial Authority 2023

This dataset is the definitive set of territorial authority boundaries as at 1 January 2023 as defined by the Local Government Commission and/or the territorial authorities themselves but maintained by Stats NZ (the custodian). This version contains 67 territorial authorities, excluding ‘area outside territorial authority’. Territorial authorities are the second tier of local government in New Zealand, below regional councils. They are defined under schedule 2, part 1 of the Local Government Act 2002 as city councils or district councils. Territorial authorities were established in 1989 when 205 territorial local authorities were replaced by 75 territorial authorities. Territorial boundaries must coincide with meshblock boundaries under schedule 3, clause 17 of the Local Government Act 2002. There are 67 territorial authorities: 12 city councils, 53 district councils, Auckland Council, and Chatham Islands Council. Five territorial authorities (Auckland Council, Nelson City Council, and the Gisborne, Tasman, and Marlborough district councils) also perform the functions of a regional council and are therefore unitary authorities. The Chatham Islands Council performs some regional council functions. Some territorial authority boundaries are coterminous with regional council boundaries but there are several exceptions. An example is Taupo District, which is split between four regions, although most of its area falls within the Waikato Region. When defining the boundaries of territorial authorities, the Local Government Commission bases considerable weight on the ‘community of interest’. Territorial authorities are defined at meshblock level. Statistical area 1, statistical area 2 and statistical area 3 geographies nest within territorial authority boundaries. Maintenance Local government boundaries may be changed through the Local Government Act 2002, an Act of Parliament, or a natural process such as the middle line of a river changing its natural course. The Territorial Authority classification is released annually on 1 January to coincide with the update of meshblocks, but there are not always changes from the previous classification. 1989: New Zealand’s local government structural arrangements were significantly reformed by the Local Government Commission in 1989. Prior to reformation there were 205 territorial local authorities: 28 cities, 78 boroughs, 67 counties, 31 districts, and 1 town district, as well as a multitude of ad-hoc authorities such as pest control boards, drainage boards, catchment boards, and domain and reserve boards. These were replaced by 74 territorial local authorities, 15 of which were cities and 58 districts. The exception was Chatham Islands County which retained its county status. 1990: Invercargill was proclaimed a city. 1992: Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council was abolished by a Local Government Amendment Act. Kaikoura District was transferred to the Canterbury Region. Nelson City, and Tasman and Marlborough districts became unitary authorities. 1995: The Chatham Islands County was dissolved and reconstituted by a specific Act of Parliament as the "Chatham Islands Territory", with powers similar to those of territorial authorities and some functions similar to those of a regional council. This included the addition of territorial sea, a coastal buffer extending to twelve nautical miles from the coastline. 1995: Tasman District boundary extended to align with the Tasman Region boundary at the 12-mile limit. 1998: Not Applicable category changed to Area Outside Territorial Authority 2004: Tauranga District changed to Tauranga City. 2006: Banks Peninsula District merged into Christchurch City as a result of a Local Government Commission decision following a 2005 referendum. 2010: Auckland Council established under the Local Government (Tamaki Makaurau Reorganisation) Act 2009. Rodney District, North Shore City, Waitakere City, Auckland City, Manukau City, Papakura District, and Franklin District territorial councils, and the Auckland Regional Council, were abolished to become a unitary authority known as the Auckland Council. The area now consists of one city council (with statutory provision for three Māori councillors), 13 wards, and 21 local boards. 2015: Wanganui District Council name changed to Whanganui District Council effective 1 December 2015. 2020: Otorohanga District Council name amended to Ōtorohanga District Council. Opotiki District Council name amended to Ōpōtiki District Council. Both changes were under schedule 2 of the Local Government Act 2002 and effective 17 January 2020. 2021: A local government reorganisation transferred land between two territorial authorities, Western Bay of Plenty District and Tauranga City. The changes took effect on 19 February 2021 under schedule 3 of the Local Government Act 2002. Refer to the New Zealand Gazette noticefor further details. Numbering The territorial authority classification is a flat classification. Territorial authorities are given a unique three-digit code. The classification contains 68 categories (including ‘999 – Area Outside Territorial Authority’). Generalised version This generalised version has been simplified for rapid drawing and is designed for thematic or web mapping purposes. Macrons Names are provided with and without tohutō/macrons. The column name for those without macrons is suffixed ‘ascii’. Digital data Digital boundary data became freely available on 1 July 2007.本数据集为截至2023年1月1日的权威领地当局（territorial authority）边界数据集，由地方政府委员会（Local Government Commission）和/或各领地当局自行界定，由新西兰统计局（Stats NZ，保管方）维护。本版本包含67个领地当局，不含“领地当局外区域”。 领地当局是新西兰地方政府的第二层级，低于区域议会（regional council）。其依据2002年《地方政府法》（Local Government Act 2002）附表2第1部分界定为市议会或区议会。1989年，原205个地方领地当局被整合为75个领地当局，领地当局自此设立。根据2002年《地方政府法》附表3第17条，领地边界必须与统计网格块（meshblock）边界保持一致。 当前共有67个领地当局，包括12个市议会、53个区议会、奥克兰议会（Auckland Council）以及查塔姆群岛议会（Chatham Islands Council）。其中5个领地当局（奥克兰议会、纳尔逊市议会、吉斯本区议会、塔斯曼区议会和马尔堡区议会）同时行使区域议会职能，因此为单一管理当局（unitary authority）。查塔姆群岛议会也行使部分区域议会职能。部分领地当局边界与区域议会边界重合，但存在若干例外情况，例如陶波区（Taupo District）被划分为四个区域，但其大部分区域隶属于怀卡托大区（Waikato Region）。 在界定领地当局边界时，地方政府委员会会重点考量“利益共同体”因素。领地当局以统计网格块为基础进行界定。统计区域1（statistical area 1）、统计区域2（statistical area 2）和统计区域3（statistical area 3）的地理范围均嵌套于领地当局边界之内。 维护说明：地方政府边界可依据2002年《地方政府法》、议会法案或自然过程（如河流主河道自然改道）进行变更。领地当局分类体系每年1月1日更新，以配合统计网格块的更新，但并非每年的分类体系均会发生变化。 1989年：新西兰地方政府架构由地方政府委员会进行重大改革。改革前共有205个地方领地当局，包括28个市、78个镇、67个郡、31个区、1个镇区，以及众多专项事务委员会，如虫害防控委员会、排水委员会、流域管理委员会、园区及保护区委员会。上述机构被整合为74个地方领地当局，其中15个为市议会、58个为区议会。唯一例外是查塔姆群岛郡保留了其郡级地位。 1990年：因弗卡吉尔被正式设立为市。 1992年：《地方政府修正法案》废除了纳尔逊-马尔伯勒区域议会。凯库拉区划归坎特伯雷大区。纳尔逊市、塔斯曼区和马尔堡区成为单一管理当局。 1995年：查塔姆群岛郡被撤销，并通过专门议会法案重新设立为“查塔姆群岛领地”，其职权与领地当局类似，并兼具部分区域议会职能。此次调整还纳入了12海里海岸线范围内的领海及沿海缓冲带。 1995年：塔斯曼区边界延伸至与塔斯曼大区12海里界限的边界对齐。 1998年：“不适用”类别更改为“领地当局外区域”。 2004年：陶朗加区更名为陶朗加市。 2006年：根据2005年全民公投后的地方政府委员会决议，班克斯半岛区并入基督城市。 2010年：依据《2009年地方政府（塔玛基·马考劳重组）法案》设立奥克兰议会。原罗德尼区、北海岸市、怀塔克雷市、奥克兰市、马努考市、帕帕库拉区和富兰克林区的领地委员会，以及奥克兰区域议会被撤销，合并为单一管理当局奥克兰议会。新奥克兰议会下设1个市议会（法定配备3名毛利族议员）、13个选区及21个地方委员会。 2015年：旺加努伊区议会于2015年12月1日正式更名为旺阿努伊区议会。 2020年：奥托罗杭加区议会更名为Ōtorohanga区议会，奥波蒂基区议会更名为Ōpōtiki区议会，上述两项更名均依据2002年《地方政府法》附表2，于2020年1月17日生效。 2021年：一场地方政府重组调整了西丰盛湾区和陶朗加市之间的辖境划分，该调整依据2002年《地方政府法》附表3于2021年2月19日正式生效，详细信息可参阅《新西兰公报》相关公告。 编号规则：领地当局分类为扁平化分类体系，每个领地当局均分配有唯一的三位数字代码。该分类体系共包含68个类别（含“999 – 领地当局外区域”）。 通用简化版本：本通用简化版本已针对快速绘图进行优化，适用于专题制图或网络地图制作。 长音符号说明：地名同时提供带托胡托长音符号（tohutō/macrons）和不带长音符号的版本，不带长音符号的列名后缀为“ascii”。 数字数据获取：该数字边界数据集于2007年7月1日起免费对外开放。