Household Sample Survey 2002 - Belarus

Abstract
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Starting from 1995, the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus (formerly the Ministry of Statistics and Analysis) has been conducting a sample survey of 6,000 households on a yearly basis, according to the methodology complying with international standards. The survey is carried out in all regions of the country and Minsk City, covering 49 cities, towns and urban-type settlements, and 53 rural councils. Data from the latest population census is used to construct the sample.

For the survey, researchers collect information on demographic characteristics of household members, housing conditions, personal subsidiary plots, property, household expenditure and income.

The information obtained from the survey is used to analyze the influence of new social processes on living standards and to develop policies aimed at social protection of various population groups. Data is also used to compile household accounts in the system of National Accounts, to calculate consumer price index for goods and services, and to estimate the poverty level in the country.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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A household is understood as the unit of the survey. For survey purposes the category "households" includes:
1) families consisting of a husband and a wife with or without children or single parent families;
2) relatives living together and having a common budget (brother and sister, grandmother and grandson and etc.);
3) persons living together and having a common budget but who are not relatives, for example two friends;
4) persons living alone;
5) families consisting of two and more married couples with or without children.

Universe
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The survey covers all household members excluding persons fully supported by the state, for example people staying in homes for the elderly and the disabled, children in public care institutions, prisoners, etc. The survey also excludes foreigners living and working in Belarus on contract basis and families of military men living in military residential settlements or other restricted areas.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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Sampled households are surveyed for a year and then are subject to replacement (rotation). To conduct the survey, households' residential addresses are sampled. Sampled population forming 0.2% of universe general population is annually arranged by the statistical office.

A household is understood as the unit of the survey. This is a person or a group of persons (mainly relatives) living together and having a common budget. Close relationship is not an obligatory condition.

Sampling was based on the territorial principle of forming a selection. In accordance with this principle, sampling involved three stages. Different territorial units of selection were used at every stage: the larger units were used at the initial stage while at the third stage the surveyed unit was equal to the selection unit. To ensure equal distribution of sample over the territory of the country, the selection was made separately for urban and rural population.

At the first stage, administrative and territorial units such as cities (including urban settlements) and rural councils were taken as the units of selection. Nineteen cities with the population above 72,000 people and 58 village councils were selected.

At the second stage, constituencies were taken as the selection units in urban areas and residential settlements were taken as the selection units in rural areas. The list of constituencies is drafted at the regional level based on the district (city) executive committees' data on the number of eligible voters. The list of voters excluded persons living in students' and workers' hostels. At the second stage maps of all selected cities and village councils were widely used when building a sample.

At the third stage, a household was taken as the unit of selection. Within the area of the selected constituencies in urban areas and residential settlements in rural areas, the lists of residential apartments and individual houses were drafted based on the data of apartment register in towns and village councils' registers in rural areas. The lists were drafted in line with the numbering of buildings within the area of the selected constituencies in urban areas and in residential settlements in rural areas.

Detailed information about the sampling is available in "Belarus Household Sample Survey Methodology" in Technical Documents (p.9-17).

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The main components of the survey are:

1) The main interview which is intended to establish the first contact with the household, to make the list of all household members, to collect the basic information about the household in general and its individual members and to fix the date for subsequent interviews. Before an interview a household receives the initial letter signed by the Minister of Statistics and Analysis stating the date and time of the interviewer's visit. The main interview is conducted in December of the previous year;

2) Four quarterly interviews, conducted in April, July, October of the current year and January of the next year. Quarterly interview covers three previous months and summarizes the information about incomes and major expenditures of the households. At the beginning of every quarter a household is given a diary for recording expenditures during the quarter. The diary is used during quarterly interviews;

3) Four two-week diaries which are handed to a household every quarter. The diary is intended for daily recording of expenditures on foodstuffs and non-food products within 14 days as well as for recording of the consumed foodstuffs which were produced at the individual subsidiary land plot or received as a present.

Cleaning operations
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The following coding systems were developed and introduced for Belarus household sample survey:
1) coding of households covered by the survey;
2) coding of household expenditures;
3) coding of additional incomes and employment of household members by sectors and types of activity.

Detailed information about coding procedures is available in "Belarus Household Sample Survey Methodology" (p.22-25) in Technical Documents.

摘要
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自1995年起，白俄罗斯共和国国家统计委员会（原名统计和分析部）根据符合国际标准的方法论，每年对6,000户家庭进行抽样调查。该调查覆盖全国所有地区及明斯克市，包括49个城市、城镇和城市型居民点，以及53个农村理事会。样本的构建基于最新的人口普查数据。

调查中，研究人员收集了家庭成员的人口特征、住房条件、个人副业用地、财产、家庭消费和收入等信息。

调查获得的信息被用于分析新社会进程对生活水平的 影响，并制定旨在保护不同人口群体的社会保护政策。数据还被用于编制国民核算体系中的家庭账户，计算商品和服务消费者价格指数，以及估算国家的贫困水平。

地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖

分析单元
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家庭被视为调查的单位。为调查目的，"家庭"类别包括：
1）由丈夫和妻子组成，无论有无子女或单身父母家庭；
2）共同预算的亲属共同居住（兄弟姐妹、祖父母和外孙等）；
3）共同预算但非亲属的人共同居住，例如两位朋友；
4）独自生活的人；
5）由两个或更多已婚夫妇组成的家庭，无论有无子女。

总体
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调查覆盖所有家庭成员，不包括由国家全额资助的人员，例如居住在老人院和残疾人院的人，公共福利机构的孩子，囚犯等。调查还排除了在白俄罗斯基于合同工作和生活的外国人以及居住在军事住宅区或其他限制区域的军人家庭。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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被抽样的家庭被调查一年，然后进行轮换。为了进行调查，抽取家庭的居住地址。构成总体0.2%的抽样人口由统计办公室每年安排。

家庭被视为调查的单位。这是一个或一组人（主要是亲属）共同居住并拥有共同预算的人。紧密关系不是强制性条件。

抽样基于形成选择的地区原则。根据这一原则，抽样分为三个阶段。每个阶段都使用了不同的选择地区单位：在初始阶段使用较大的单位，而在第三阶段，调查单位与选择单位相等。为确保样本在国家领土上的均匀分布，对城市和农村人口分别进行选择。

在第一阶段，将行政和领土单位，如城市（包括城市型居民点）和农村理事会，作为选择单位。选择了19个人口超过72,000人的城市和58个村庄理事会。

在第二阶段，将选区作为城市地区的选择单位，将住宅区作为农村地区的选择单位。选区的名单在地区层面根据区（市）执行委员会关于有资格选民数量的数据制定。选民名单排除了居住在学生宿舍和工人宿舍的人。在第二阶段，广泛使用了所有选定的城市和村庄理事会的地图来构建样本。

在第三阶段，家庭被视为选择单位。在城市地区的选定选区和农村地区的住宅区内，根据城镇的公寓登记册和农村地区的村庄理事会登记册的数据，制定了住宅公寓和独立房屋的名单。名单是根据选定选区和农村地区内建筑物的编号制定的。

有关抽样的详细信息，请参阅技术文件中的“白俄罗斯家庭样本调查方法论”（第9-17页）。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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调查的主要组成部分包括：

1）主要访谈，旨在与家庭建立首次联系，列出所有家庭成员，收集关于家庭总体及其个别成员的基本信息，并确定后续访谈的日期。在访谈之前，家庭会收到由统计和分析部长签署的初始信函，信函中说明了访问者的访问日期和时间。主要访谈在上一年的12月进行；

2）四次季度访谈，分别在当年的4月、7月、10月和下一年的1月进行。季度访谈涵盖前三个月，总结家庭收入和主要支出的信息。每个季度的开始，家庭都会收到一本日记，用于记录该季度的支出。日记在季度访谈中使用；

3）每个季度发放的四本两周日记。日记的目的是在14天内记录食品和非食品产品的日常支出，以及记录在个人副业土地上生产的或作为礼物收到的食品。

清理操作
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为白俄罗斯家庭样本调查开发了以下编码系统：
1）调查涵盖的家庭编码；
2）家庭支出编码；
3）家庭成员按部门和活动类型进行的额外收入和就业编码。

有关编码程序的详细信息，请参阅技术文件中的“白俄罗斯家庭样本调查方法论”（第22-25页）。