Revealing the relationship between nitrogen use efficiency-related QTLs and carbon and nitrogen metabolism regulation in poplar

Supporting information Figure S1. KEGG functional annotation of QTL candidate genes. Figure S2. Correlation analysis of 60 transcriptome sample data. Figure S3. Expression confirmation using quantitative real-time PCR. (a) Fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped fragments of target genes. (b) Relative expression of target genes by qRT‒PCR. Figure S4. Analysis of nitrogen response DEGs of 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. (a) Statistical analysis of up- and downregulated genes in 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. (b) Functional enrichment analysis of KEGG for all DEGs of 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. The colour scale represents the adjusted P value (padj). The high-nitrogen condition is represented by the letters A, and the low-nitrogen condition is represented by the letters B. Figure S5. Difference analysis of carbon and nitrogen metabolism of 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. (a) Comparison of differences in total nitrogen, total carbon, and the carbon to nitrogen ratio in the xylem. (b) Comparison of differences in total nitrogen, total carbon, and the carbon to nitrogen ratio in the bark. S1 is ‘Danhong’. S2 is ‘Tongliao 1’. S3-S10 are F1 offspring. Figure S6. Difference analyses of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents in the xylems of 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. Figure S7. Difference analysis of hydrolysed amino acid content in the bark of 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. Figure S8. Difference analysis of hydrolysed amino acid content in the xylems of 10 clones under low- and high-nitrogen conditions. Figure S9. WGCNA of 10 clones under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. Queue selection of WGCNA. (a) WGCNA power value testing and determination. (b) Module hierarchical clustering tree of WGCNA. Table S1. The original data of ground diameter, plant height, and stem biomass of the hybrid population. The original data were averaged. Table S2. Summary of QTL mapping results for NUE-related traits. Table S3. Functional annotation of candidate genes for QTLs. Table S4. Summary of the RNA-Seq results. The high-nitrogen condition is represented by the letters A, and the low-nitrogen condition is represented by the letters B. Table S5. The primers used in this study.