<b>Prevalence of organophosphate poisoning in Nepal: A Meta-Analysis</b>
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Objective To estimate the prevalence of organophosphate (OP) poisoning in Nepal.Methods PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), Cochrane Library, Ovid, and Springer databases were searched. The search strategies were used in different databases and searched up until December 13, 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of the included studies. R project was used to estimate the pooled prevalence rate and its 95% confidence interval (CI) based on the results of test of heterogeneity. Results A total of eleven studies were included, involving 4809 participants. The heterogeneity indicated a P value of <0.100; therefore, we applied the random effects model for data synthesis. The overall prevalence of OP poisoning is 36.7% (95% CI: 24.99-49.34) in Nepal. Funnel plot dots were not distributed symmetrically on either side of the central line, suggesting potential publication bias. The results of heterogeneity analysis revealed that hospital-based studies showed a higher prevalence rate of 36.9% (95% CI: 24.2-50.6) than community-based studies. Additionally, studies conducted in Other cities-based demonstrated a pooled prevalence rate of 43.38% (95% CI: 28.95-58.39), which was higher than that in Kathmandu-based studies.Conclusion The overall prevalence rate of OP poisoning was 36.7% in Nepal. The hospital-based studies indicated a higher pooled prevalence than community-based studies and other cities-based studies reported a higher prevalence than Kathmandu-based studies. Future research is warranted to provide more accurate and comprehensive evidence on the prevalence rate of OP poisoning in Nepal.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis to report on the prevalence of Organophosphate (OP) poisoning in Nepal. Our findings revealed that the overall prevalence of OP poisoning in Nepal is 36.7%.<b>STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY</b>(1) The pooled prevalence rate of organophosphate (OP)poisoning was 36.7% in Nepal. (2) The hospital-based studies had a higher pooled prevalence than community-based studies. (3) Most of the studies were performed in Kathmandu rather than in other cities. However, Other cities-based studies showed a higher prevalence of OPpoisoning compared to thosebased in Kathmandu.<br>
研究目的：估算尼泊尔境内有机磷农药（organophosphate, OP）中毒的患病率。 研究方法：检索PubMed、Web of Science核心合集（Web of Science Core Collection, WoSCC）、Cochrane图书馆、Ovid及Springer数据库，检索策略适配各数据库，检索截止至2024年12月13日。采用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI）关键评价量表对纳入研究的质量进行评估。基于异质性检验结果，使用R软件（R project）计算合并患病率及其95%置信区间（confidence interval, CI）。 研究结果：共纳入11项研究，涉及4809名研究对象。异质性检验显示P值<0.100，故采用随机效应模型进行数据合并分析。尼泊尔境内有机磷农药中毒的总体患病率为36.7%（95%CI：24.99~49.34）。漏斗图散点未沿中线对称分布，提示存在潜在的发表偏倚。亚组分析结果显示，基于医院的研究其合并患病率为36.9%（95%CI：24.2~50.6），高于基于社区的研究。此外，针对其他城市开展的研究合并患病率为43.38%（95%CI：28.95~58.39），高于加德满都地区的研究。 研究结论：尼泊尔境内有机磷农药中毒的总体合并患病率为36.7%。基于医院的研究报告的合并患病率高于基于社区的研究，而针对其他城市开展的研究报告的患病率高于加德满都地区的研究。未来仍需开展更多研究，以获取尼泊尔有机磷农药中毒患病率更准确、全面的证据。据我们所知，本研究为首项针对尼泊尔有机磷农药中毒患病率的荟萃分析，其结果显示尼泊尔境内有机磷农药中毒的总体患病率为36.7%。 【本研究的优势与局限性】 (1) 本研究估算得到尼泊尔有机磷农药中毒的合并患病率为36.7%。 (2) 基于医院的研究报告的合并患病率高于基于社区的研究。 (3) 多数研究开展于加德满都地区，而非其他城市。但针对其他城市开展的研究显示，其有机磷农药中毒患病率高于加德满都地区的研究。
