Chimó, a Smokeless Tobacco Preparation, is Associated with a Lower Frequency of Hypertension in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract Background: Tobacco use and hypertension are leading preventable causes of death globally. Tobacco is presented as smoked or smokeless tobacco (ST). ST use has been related to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cancer. In Venezuela, chimó is the most common ST preparation, and its relationship with hypertension is unknown. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between chimó use and hypertension in a population with a high prevalence of ST use in Venezuela. Methods: From 2013-2014, a total of 1,938 consecutive subjects aged 20 years or older were evaluated in a medical center. Anthropometrics and blood pressure (BP) measurements, and responses to a standard questionnaire were obtained. Results: The participants had a mean age of 49.2 years, 59.5% were female, 38.9% had hypertension, 23.2% reported ST use, and 11.6% reported having T2D. One-third of the subjects with T2D were ST users, and this group showed lower heart rate, systolic BP, body mass index (BMI), and frequency of hypertension when compared with T2D subjects who were not ST users (p