Four-Year Assessment of Methane Point Source Emissions in the Middle East and North Africa Using Multiple Hyperspectral Satellite Observations

This dataset contains processed methane plume products derived from hyperspectral satellite observations over the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region between 2020 and 2023. The data were generated as part of a four-year assessment of methane point-source emissions in the oil and gas sector. The dataset integrates plume detections from multiple hyperspectral missions, including the Chinese Gaofen-5 (GF-5), Ziyuan-1 (ZY-1), and Huanjing-2 (HJ-2) satellites, as well as supplementary observations from PRISMA, EnMAP. All satellite scenes were processed using a consistent retrieval framework to identify methane concentration enhancements and estimate emission fluxes at the plume scale. For each detected methane plume, the dataset provides geolocation information, observation time (UTC), satellite platform, estimated emission flux rate, associated uncertainty, wind speed. Repeated detections of the same emission source across different satellites and years are included to support analyses of temporal variability and emission intermittency. This dataset underpins the analysis presented in “Four-Year Assessment of Methane Point Source Emissions in the Middle East and North Africa Using Multiple Chinese Hyperspectral Satellite Observations” and is intended to support transparency, reproducibility, and future studies on methane super-emitters, multi-satellite validation, and emission mitigation assessment.