Global Wind Atlas v3

The Global Wind Atlas version 3 data-sets contain microscale wind information at approximately 250m grid point spacing.The data is created by first dynamically down-scaling ERA5 reanalysis data from 2008-2017 to 3km resolution using the WRF mesoscale model.The WRF results are then generalized using DTU's generalization methodology, and then down-scaled using the WAsP model to the final 250m resolution.The data in this directory consist of the entire global tiff at the full 0.0025 degree resolution on the WGS84 map projection. These data also include four sets of overview pyramids to improve the viewing of the data at low resolution.Most of the data are named as follows: gwa_{variable}_{height}.tif, where variable is one of* wind-speed - The mean wind speed at the location for the 10 year period* power-density - The mean power density of the wind, which is related to the cube of the wind speed, and can provide additional information about the strength of the wind not found in the mean wind speed alone.* combined-Weibull-A and combined-Weibull-k - These are the all sector combined Weibull distribution parameters for the wind speed. They can be used to get an estimate of the wind speed and power density at a site. However, caution should be applied when using these in areas with wind speeds that come from multiple directions as the shapes of those individual distributions may be quite different than this combined distribution.* air-density - The air density is found by interpolating the air density from the CFSR reanalysis to the elevation used in the global wind atlas following the approach described in WAsP 12.* RIX - The RIX (Ruggedness IndeX) is a measure of how complex the terrain is. It provides the percent of the area within 10 km of the position that have slopes over 30-degrees. A RIX value greater than 5 suggests that you should use caution when interpreting the results.The files which do not follow the naming convention above are the capacity-factor layers. The capacity factor layers were calculated for 3 distinct wind turbines, with 100m hub height and rotor diameters of 112, 126, and 136m, which fall into three IEC Classes (IEC1, IEC2, and IEC3). Capacity factors can be used to calculate a preliminary estimate of the energy yield of a wind turbine (in the MW range), when placed at a location. This can be done by multiplying the rated power of the wind turbine by the capacity factor for the location (and the number of hours in a year): AEP = Prated*CF*8760 hr/year, where AEP is annual energy production, Prated is rated power, and CF is capacity factor.

全球风能图谱版本3数据集包含约250米网格点间距的微观尺度风速信息。该数据集的构建首先通过WRF中尺度模型将2008-2017年的ERA5再分析数据动态地降尺度至3公里分辨率。随后，利用DTU的泛化方法对WRF的输出结果进行泛化，并通过WAsP模型进一步降尺度至最终的250米分辨率。本目录中的数据包括全球范围内的Tiff格式数据，其分辨率为WGS84地图投影下的0.0025度。此外，还包含了四组概览金字塔数据，以优化低分辨率下数据的查看。大多数数据文件按照以下命名：gwa_{变量}_{高度}.tif，其中“变量”可以是以下之一：*风速 - 在十年期间内，该位置的平均风速；*功率密度 - 与风速立方相关的平均功率密度，它能提供关于风速强度额外信息，这些信息仅从平均风速中无法获得；*综合韦伯分布参数 - 这些是针对风速的全向综合韦伯分布参数。它们可用于估算特定地点的风速和功率密度。然而，在使用这些参数时，需谨慎对待来自多个方向的风速，因为个别分布的形状可能与综合分布存在显著差异；*空气密度 - 通过WAsP 12中描述的方法，从CFSR再分析数据中插值得到空气密度，以匹配全球风能图谱中的海拔高度；*RIX - RIX（崎岖度指数）是衡量地形复杂性的指标。它提供了在10公里范围内，具有超过30度坡度的区域所占的百分比。RIX值大于5时，提示在使用结果时应格外小心。不符合上述命名规范的文件是容量系数层。容量系数层是为三种不同的风力涡轮机（轮毂高度100米，叶轮直径分别为112米、126米和136米）计算得出的，这些涡轮机分别属于三个IEC等级（IEC1、IEC2和IEC3）。容量系数可用于计算风力涡轮机在特定位置的初步能源产量估计（以兆瓦范围计）。这可以通过将风力涡轮机的额定功率与该位置的容量系数（以及一年中的小时数）相乘来实现：AEP = Prated * CF * 8760 hr/year，其中AEP是年能源产量，Prated是额定功率，CF是容量系数。