Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection and multiple eradication on diversity, composition and function of gastric flora

To investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection and multiple eradication on the diversity, composition and function of gastric flora by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. We designed a clinical study involved with 32 subjects. According to their gastric mucosa 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, we found that there are diffrences between H.pylori positive group and H.pylori negative group in species diversity and gastric flora structure. The results of LEfSe analysis suggested that the beneficial Lactobacillus in the H.pylori positive group was significantly enriched than that in the refractory H.pylori infection group. The bacterial interaction network diagram suggested that the interaction between bacteria in refractory H.pylori infection group decreased. We found that the refractory H.pylori infection group gastric microbiota was enriched in energy metabolism, bacteria secretion system ,glutathione metabolism, protein folding and associated processing, surful metabolism, membrane and intracellular structural molecules , lipopolysaccaride biosynthesis, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis , inorganic ion transport and metabolism , as well as metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, compared with H.pylori positive group by PICRUST2 analysis. H.pylori infection is an important factor affecting the diversity, composition and function of normal gastric flora. Multiple H.pylori eradication history can lead to imbalance of gastric mucosal flora to a certain extent, which is mainly reflected in inhibiting the growth of beneficial Lactobacillus in the stomach, and multiple H.pylori eradication history can change some functions of gastric mucosal flora.